TY - JOUR
T1 - 1,1-Dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate as novel salt for high-voltage electric double-layer capacitors
AU - Nguyen, Hoai Van T.
AU - Kwak, Kyungwon
AU - Lee, Kyung Koo
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korea government (MSIT) ( NRF-2017R1C1B2004307 ) and the mid- and long-term nuclear research and development program through the National Research Foundation of Korea ( NRF-2017M2A8A5014710 ) funded by the Korean Ministry of Science and ICT .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
PY - 2019/3/10
Y1 - 2019/3/10
N2 - A novel quaternary ammonium salt—1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (DMPBF 4 ), tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF 4 ), and spiro-(1,1′)-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (SBPBF 4 ) were prepared and dissolved in acetonitrile (ACN) and propylene carbonate (PC) for electrolyte systems of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC). Physical properties such as thermal stability, solubility, and ionic conductivity were determined and six different electrolyte systems with 1 M concentration were electrochemically evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and float test. To investigate the origin of the physical and electrochemical properties at the molecular level, quantum calculations for the chemical species in the electrolytes were also carried out. Compared to the standard electrolytes TEABF 4 and SBPBF 4 , the novel DMPBF 4 electrolyte exhibits a higher gravimetric capacitance, superior rate capability, and improved cycling stability. The energy and power density of EDLCs using DMPBF 4 in the ACN electrolyte reach 40.61 Wh kg −1 and 8.09 kW kg −1 , respectively, at the working voltage of 3.0 V. Moreover, EDLCs with DMPBF 4 in ACN (PC) retain 87.9% (87.5%) of their initial capacitance after 1000 h of float testing at 3.0 V. The results indicate that DMPBF 4 can be a promising electrolyte salt for EDLC application.
AB - A novel quaternary ammonium salt—1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (DMPBF 4 ), tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF 4 ), and spiro-(1,1′)-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (SBPBF 4 ) were prepared and dissolved in acetonitrile (ACN) and propylene carbonate (PC) for electrolyte systems of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC). Physical properties such as thermal stability, solubility, and ionic conductivity were determined and six different electrolyte systems with 1 M concentration were electrochemically evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and float test. To investigate the origin of the physical and electrochemical properties at the molecular level, quantum calculations for the chemical species in the electrolytes were also carried out. Compared to the standard electrolytes TEABF 4 and SBPBF 4 , the novel DMPBF 4 electrolyte exhibits a higher gravimetric capacitance, superior rate capability, and improved cycling stability. The energy and power density of EDLCs using DMPBF 4 in the ACN electrolyte reach 40.61 Wh kg −1 and 8.09 kW kg −1 , respectively, at the working voltage of 3.0 V. Moreover, EDLCs with DMPBF 4 in ACN (PC) retain 87.9% (87.5%) of their initial capacitance after 1000 h of float testing at 3.0 V. The results indicate that DMPBF 4 can be a promising electrolyte salt for EDLC application.
KW - 1,1-Dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate
KW - Cycling stability
KW - Electrolyte salt
KW - Specific capacitance
KW - Supercapacitor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85060029864&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.155
DO - 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.155
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85060029864
SN - 0013-4686
VL - 299
SP - 98
EP - 106
JO - Electrochimica Acta
JF - Electrochimica Acta
ER -