23.3 A 3-bit/2UI 27Gb/s PAM-3 Single-Ended Transceiver Using One-Tap DFE for Next-Generation Memory Interface

Hyunsu Park, Junyoung Song, Yeonho Lee, Jincheol Sim, Jonghyuck Choi, Chulwoo Kim

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contribution

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Bandwidths of memory interfaces have been increased tremendously to enable high-data throughput while maintaining single-ended signaling and the supply voltage of I/O has been scaled down. Due to the increasing interface bandwidth the required area and power consumption has increased as well, resulting in higher I/O circuit design costs [3]. A high-loss channel causes ISI, which in turn limits the maximum data rate. Therefore, complex equalizers are needed for compensation, resulting in additional power dissipation and area overhead. As the data sampling rate increases, the deterministic and random noises degrade the data sampling margin and further limit the bandwidth. To lessen the negative impact of high channel loss and to reduce the forwarded clock frequency, multi-level signaling, such as PAM-4, can be used, as shown in Fig. 23.3.1 [2]. While the voltage sense margin for PAM-4 is theoretically frac{1}{3} of NRZ, in practice it is smaller due to simultaneous switching noise (SSN), crosstalk, and random noise in single-ended signaling. Eventually, the reduced voltage sense margin degrades the SNR, which causes a reduction in the BER. On the other hand, PAM-3's voltage sense margin is {textstyle frac {1}{2}} of NRZ's. Duo-binary signaling is commonly used for PAM-3 signaling [1]. However, the pin efficiency and the forwarded clock frequency for duo-binary signaling is the same as for NRZ. In this paper, a 3b/2UI PAM-3 single-ended memory interface is proposed, with a pin efficiency of 150% and a reduced clock frequency, compared to NRZ signaling. To address PAM-3 equalizer inefficiencies a tri-level decision feedback equalizer (DFE) is implemented in the receiver (RX).

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publication2019 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, ISSCC 2019
PublisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages382-384
Number of pages3
ISBN (Electronic)9781538685310
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2019 Mar 6
Event2019 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, ISSCC 2019 - San Francisco, United States
Duration: 2019 Feb 172019 Feb 21

Publication series

NameDigest of Technical Papers - IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference
Volume2019-February
ISSN (Print)0193-6530

Conference

Conference2019 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, ISSCC 2019
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CitySan Francisco
Period19/2/1719/2/21

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
  • Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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