3D-printed, bioactive ceramic scaffold with rhBMP-2 in treating critical femoral bone defects in rabbits using the induced membrane technique

Jae Woo Cho, Beom Soo Kim, Do Hyun Yeo, Eic Ju Lim, Seungyeob Sakong, Junyoung Lim, Sung Nam Park, Yong Hoon Jeong, Tae Gon Jung, Hyuk Choi, Chang Wug Oh, Hak Jun Kim, Jong Woong Park, Jong Keon Oh

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Although autogenous bone grafts are an optimal filling material for the induced membrane technique, limited availability and complications at the harvest site have created a need for alternative graft materials. We aimed to investigate the effect of an rhBMP-2-coated, 3D-printed, macro/microporous CaO–SiO2–P2O5–B2O3 bioactive ceramic scaffold in the treatment of critical femoral bone defects in rabbits using the induced membrane technique. A 15-mm segmental bone defect was made in the metadiaphyseal area of the distal femur of 14 rabbits. The defect was filled with polymethylmethacrylate cement and stabilized with a 2.0 mm locking plate. After the membrane matured for 4 weeks, the scaffold was implanted in two randomized groups: Group A (3D-printed bioceramic scaffold) and Group B (3D-printed, bioceramic scaffold with rhBMP-2). Eight weeks after implantation, the radiographic assessment showed that the healing rate of the defect was significantly higher in Group B (7/7, 100%) than in Group A (2/7, 29%). The mean volume of new bone formation around and inside the scaffold doubled in Group B compared to that in Group A. The mean static and dynamic stiffness were significantly higher in Group B. Histological examination revealed newly formed bone in both groups. Extensive cortical bone formation along the scaffold was found in Group B. Successful bone reconstruction in critical-sized bone defects could be obtained using rhBMP-2-coated, 3D-printed, macro/microporous bioactive ceramic scaffolds. This grafting material demonstrated potential as an alternative graft material in the induced membrane technique for reconstructing critical-sized bone defects.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2671-2680
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Orthopaedic Research
Volume39
Issue number12
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2021 Dec

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (10077279), funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC

Keywords

  • 3D printing
  • bioactive ceramic
  • critical-sized bone defect
  • rhBMP-2
  • scaffold

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

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