A plant phosphoswitch platform repeatedly targeted by type III effector proteins regulates the output of both tiers of plant immune receptors

Eui Hwan Chung; Farid El-Kasmi; Yijian He; Alex Loehr; Jeffery L. Dangl

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2014.09.004

A plant phosphoswitch platform repeatedly targeted by type III effector proteins regulates the output of both tiers of plant immune receptors

Eui Hwan Chung, Farid El-Kasmi, Yijian He, Alex Loehr, Jeffery L. Dangl

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

77 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Plants detect microbes via two functionally intercon-nected tiers of immune receptors. Immune detectionis suppressed by equally complex pathogen mecha-nisms. The small plasma-membrane-tethered pro-tein RIN4 negatively regulates microbe-associatedmolecular pattern (MAMP)-triggered responses, whichare derepressed upon bacterial flagellin perception.We demonstrate that recognition of the flagellinpeptide MAMP flg22 triggers accumulation of RIN4phosphorylated at serine 141 (pS141) that mediatesderepression of several immune outputs. RIN4 istargeted by four bacterial type III effector proteins,delivered temporally after flagellin perception. Ofthese, AvrB acts with a host kinase to increase levelsof RIN4 phosphorylated at threonine 166 (pT166).RIN4 pT166 is epistatic to RIN4 pS141. Thus, AvrBcontributes to virulence by enhancing "rerepression" of immune system outputs. Our results explain theevolution of independent effectors that antagonizeaccumulation of RIN4 pS141 and of a specific plantintracellular NLR protein, RPM1, which is activatedby AvrB-mediated accumulation of RIN4 pT166.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	484-494
Number of pages	11
Journal	Cell Host and Microbe
Volume	16
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2014.09.004
Publication status	Published - 2014 Oct 8
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank Drs. Sarah Grant, Marc Nishimura, Petra Epple, and Ryan Anderson for critical comments on the manuscript and all of the Dangl-Grant lab members for fruitful discussions. We thank Dr. Cyril Zipfel, Sainsbury Lab, Norwich, for the gift of anti-FLS2 sera sera and bik1 pbl1 double mutant seed. F.E.-K. is a recipient of a German Research Society (DFG) Postdoctoral fellowship (EL 734/1-1). Y.H. was supported by a Distinguished Guest Professorship, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany to J.L.D. This work was funded by grants to J.L.D. from the National Science Foundation IOS-0929410 (Arabidopsis 2010 Program) and IOS-1257373 and by the HHMI and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF3030). J.L.D. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Inc.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Parasitology
Microbiology
Virology

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10.1016/j.chom.2014.09.004

Cite this

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title = "A plant phosphoswitch platform repeatedly targeted by type III effector proteins regulates the output of both tiers of plant immune receptors",

abstract = "Plants detect microbes via two functionally intercon-nected tiers of immune receptors. Immune detectionis suppressed by equally complex pathogen mecha-nisms. The small plasma-membrane-tethered pro-tein RIN4 negatively regulates microbe-associatedmolecular pattern (MAMP)-triggered responses, whichare derepressed upon bacterial flagellin perception.We demonstrate that recognition of the flagellinpeptide MAMP flg22 triggers accumulation of RIN4phosphorylated at serine 141 (pS141) that mediatesderepression of several immune outputs. RIN4 istargeted by four bacterial type III effector proteins,delivered temporally after flagellin perception. Ofthese, AvrB acts with a host kinase to increase levelsof RIN4 phosphorylated at threonine 166 (pT166).RIN4 pT166 is epistatic to RIN4 pS141. Thus, AvrBcontributes to virulence by enhancing {"}rerepression{"} of immune system outputs. Our results explain theevolution of independent effectors that antagonizeaccumulation of RIN4 pS141 and of a specific plantintracellular NLR protein, RPM1, which is activatedby AvrB-mediated accumulation of RIN4 pT166.",

author = "Chung, {Eui Hwan} and Farid El-Kasmi and Yijian He and Alex Loehr and Dangl, {Jeffery L.}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank Drs. Sarah Grant, Marc Nishimura, Petra Epple, and Ryan Anderson for critical comments on the manuscript and all of the Dangl-Grant lab members for fruitful discussions. We thank Dr. Cyril Zipfel, Sainsbury Lab, Norwich, for the gift of anti-FLS2 sera sera and bik1 pbl1 double mutant seed. F.E.-K. is a recipient of a German Research Society (DFG) Postdoctoral fellowship (EL 734/1-1). Y.H. was supported by a Distinguished Guest Professorship, Eberhard-Karls-Universit{\"a}t, T{\"u}bingen, Germany to J.L.D. This work was funded by grants to J.L.D. from the National Science Foundation IOS-0929410 (Arabidopsis 2010 Program) and IOS-1257373 and by the HHMI and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF3030). J.L.D. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2014 Elsevier Inc.",

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AU - Loehr, Alex

AU - Dangl, Jeffery L.

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N2 - Plants detect microbes via two functionally intercon-nected tiers of immune receptors. Immune detectionis suppressed by equally complex pathogen mecha-nisms. The small plasma-membrane-tethered pro-tein RIN4 negatively regulates microbe-associatedmolecular pattern (MAMP)-triggered responses, whichare derepressed upon bacterial flagellin perception.We demonstrate that recognition of the flagellinpeptide MAMP flg22 triggers accumulation of RIN4phosphorylated at serine 141 (pS141) that mediatesderepression of several immune outputs. RIN4 istargeted by four bacterial type III effector proteins,delivered temporally after flagellin perception. Ofthese, AvrB acts with a host kinase to increase levelsof RIN4 phosphorylated at threonine 166 (pT166).RIN4 pT166 is epistatic to RIN4 pS141. Thus, AvrBcontributes to virulence by enhancing "rerepression" of immune system outputs. Our results explain theevolution of independent effectors that antagonizeaccumulation of RIN4 pS141 and of a specific plantintracellular NLR protein, RPM1, which is activatedby AvrB-mediated accumulation of RIN4 pT166.

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A plant phosphoswitch platform repeatedly targeted by type III effector proteins regulates the output of both tiers of plant immune receptors

Abstract

Bibliographical note

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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