A simple fabrication route of porous palladium/palladium oxide/carbon nanostructures using one-step combustion waves for high-performance pH sensors

Byungseok Seo, Hayoung Hwang, Seonghyun Park, Wonjoon Choi

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    8 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Reduction-oxidation controls and synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid structures are key features associated with their electrochemical properties. However, they involve bulky setup and long-time processes that incur high-cost. Herein, we report one-step combustion waves (CWs) for the fabrication of hybrid-porous palladium/palladium oxides/carbon (Pd/PdxOy@C) nanostructures with controllable atomic composition and their application as a high-performance pH sensor. Hybrid composites of Pd/formaldehyde (FA)/nitrocellulose (NC) were prepared as precursors. Self-propagating CWs through the NC networks carried out the transformation from Pd to PdO2 in the higher oxidation state and the formation of a carbon layer, while the fast release of chemicals in CWs developed the porous nanostructures with large surface areas. The flexible pH sensor using the synthesized Pd/PdxOy@C powders exhibited the outstanding specific voltage potential (2.08 V/mg at pH 2.83) and sensitivity (167 mV/mg pH). It showed no hysteresis during cycling of pH values and high stability over 4 h (voltage change <0.89%). The high oxidation states and conductive carbon layers of Pd/PdxOy@C with large surface areas improved the specific potential and the stability in minute changes of pH values and forward-reverse proton exchanges. The physicochemical synthesis using CWs would contribute to developing scalable processing for electrochemical applications, including chemical sensors.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)37-46
    Number of pages10
    JournalSensors and Actuators, B: Chemical
    Volume274
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2018 Nov 20

    Bibliographical note

    Funding Information:
    This work was supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) under the Industrial Technology Innovation Program ( 10080611 ), and the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (Grant no. 20173010032170 ).

    Publisher Copyright:
    © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

    Keywords

    • Carbon coating
    • Chemical potential
    • Combustion synthesis
    • High oxidation state
    • Palladium oxide
    • pH sensor

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
    • Instrumentation
    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Surfaces, Coatings and Films
    • Metals and Alloys
    • Electrical and Electronic Engineering
    • Materials Chemistry

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