Accumulation and Toxicity of Germanium in Cucumber under Different Types of Germaniums

Ik Won Choi; Dong Cheol Seo; Myung Ja Han; R. D. DeLaune; Yong Sik Ok; Weon Tai Jeon; Byung Jin Lim; Yong Hwa Cheong; Hang Won Kang; Ju Sik Cho

doi:10.1080/00103624.2013.829083

Accumulation and Toxicity of Germanium in Cucumber under Different Types of Germaniums

Ik Won Choi, Dong Cheol Seo, Myung Ja Han, R. D. DeLaune, Yong Sik Ok, Weon Tai Jeon, Byung Jin Lim, Yong Hwa Cheong, Hang Won Kang, Ju Sik Cho

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The effects of germanium dioxide (GeO₂) and 2-carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) treatments on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) growth and Ge accumulation and toxicity were investigated. Accumulated Ge contents in plant treated with GeO₂ were two times greater than that in plants treated with Ge-132. Germanium accumulated primarily in the shoots in the GeO₂ treatments and in the roots in the Ge-132 treatments. In contrast GeO₂ was easily transported from roots to shoots. In cucumber fruit, the range of Ge content in both the GeO₂ and Ge-132 treatments was in the order of stalk > rind > pulp > seeds, suggesting that Ge accumulation was based on distance from xylem. Silicon (Si) content significantly decreased as GeO₂ concentration increased, but there was no difference in Si content in the Ge-132 treatment. Therefore, plant growth and Ge accumulation are affected differently by GeO₂ and Ge-132 treatments, based partly on treatment concentrations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3006-3019
Number of pages	14
Journal	Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis
Volume	44
Issue number	20
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2013.829083
Publication status	Published - 2013 Nov
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2012R1A2A2A01015706). This research was also supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (2010– 0025548). This work was also supported by National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by Korean government (2010–0022194) to YHC.

Keywords

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Ge accumulation
Ge toxicity
Ge-132
GeO
germanium (Ge)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Agronomy and Crop Science
Soil Science

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10.1080/00103624.2013.829083

Cite this

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title = "Accumulation and Toxicity of Germanium in Cucumber under Different Types of Germaniums",

abstract = "The effects of germanium dioxide (GeO2) and 2-carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) treatments on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) growth and Ge accumulation and toxicity were investigated. Accumulated Ge contents in plant treated with GeO2 were two times greater than that in plants treated with Ge-132. Germanium accumulated primarily in the shoots in the GeO2 treatments and in the roots in the Ge-132 treatments. In contrast GeO2 was easily transported from roots to shoots. In cucumber fruit, the range of Ge content in both the GeO2 and Ge-132 treatments was in the order of stalk > rind > pulp > seeds, suggesting that Ge accumulation was based on distance from xylem. Silicon (Si) content significantly decreased as GeO2 concentration increased, but there was no difference in Si content in the Ge-132 treatment. Therefore, plant growth and Ge accumulation are affected differently by GeO2 and Ge-132 treatments, based partly on treatment concentrations.",

keywords = "Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), Ge accumulation, Ge toxicity, Ge-132, GeO, germanium (Ge)",

author = "Choi, {Ik Won} and Seo, {Dong Cheol} and Han, {Myung Ja} and DeLaune, {R. D.} and Ok, {Yong Sik} and Jeon, {Weon Tai} and Lim, {Byung Jin} and Cheong, {Yong Hwa} and Kang, {Hang Won} and Cho, {Ju Sik}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2012R1A2A2A01015706). This research was also supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (2010– 0025548). This work was also supported by National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by Korean government (2010–0022194) to YHC.",

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AU - Choi, Ik Won

AU - Seo, Dong Cheol

AU - Han, Myung Ja

AU - DeLaune, R. D.

AU - Ok, Yong Sik

AU - Jeon, Weon Tai

AU - Lim, Byung Jin

AU - Cheong, Yong Hwa

AU - Kang, Hang Won

AU - Cho, Ju Sik

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2012R1A2A2A01015706). This research was also supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (2010– 0025548). This work was also supported by National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by Korean government (2010–0022194) to YHC.

PY - 2013/11

Y1 - 2013/11

N2 - The effects of germanium dioxide (GeO2) and 2-carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) treatments on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) growth and Ge accumulation and toxicity were investigated. Accumulated Ge contents in plant treated with GeO2 were two times greater than that in plants treated with Ge-132. Germanium accumulated primarily in the shoots in the GeO2 treatments and in the roots in the Ge-132 treatments. In contrast GeO2 was easily transported from roots to shoots. In cucumber fruit, the range of Ge content in both the GeO2 and Ge-132 treatments was in the order of stalk > rind > pulp > seeds, suggesting that Ge accumulation was based on distance from xylem. Silicon (Si) content significantly decreased as GeO2 concentration increased, but there was no difference in Si content in the Ge-132 treatment. Therefore, plant growth and Ge accumulation are affected differently by GeO2 and Ge-132 treatments, based partly on treatment concentrations.

AB - The effects of germanium dioxide (GeO2) and 2-carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) treatments on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) growth and Ge accumulation and toxicity were investigated. Accumulated Ge contents in plant treated with GeO2 were two times greater than that in plants treated with Ge-132. Germanium accumulated primarily in the shoots in the GeO2 treatments and in the roots in the Ge-132 treatments. In contrast GeO2 was easily transported from roots to shoots. In cucumber fruit, the range of Ge content in both the GeO2 and Ge-132 treatments was in the order of stalk > rind > pulp > seeds, suggesting that Ge accumulation was based on distance from xylem. Silicon (Si) content significantly decreased as GeO2 concentration increased, but there was no difference in Si content in the Ge-132 treatment. Therefore, plant growth and Ge accumulation are affected differently by GeO2 and Ge-132 treatments, based partly on treatment concentrations.

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Accumulation and Toxicity of Germanium in Cucumber under Different Types of Germaniums

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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