Activated carbons effectively purified by post-heat treatment under vacuum conditions

Junam Kim, Hoai Van Hoai, Gyung Jin Bahk, Kyungwon Kwak, Kyung Koo Lee

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    6 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    The effect of heat treatment and vacuum conditions on the textural properties and electrochemical performance of commercially available activated carbons (ACs) was investigated. The AC after post-heat treatment was characterized by nitrogen adsorption–desorption, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. The ACs treated under vacuum conditions exhibit a higher specific surface area and micropore surface area than those treated under nitrogen atmospheric pressure without significantly affecting the graphite structure of the AC. Under 800 °C temperature and vacuum conditions (AC-V800), the AC with the highest Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 1951.9 m2 g−1 (16.4% improvement relative to that of the original AC (1677.2 m2 g−1)) was obtained. This is attributed to the removal of oxygen-containing functional groups and volatile matters in the carbon by thermal treatment under vacuum conditions. Consequently, the electric double-layer capacitor using ACs treated under vacuum conditions (1 kPa) at 800 °C (AC-V800) shows considerably improved electrochemical performance in terms of higher specific capacitance and better cycling stability at a high working voltage (3.1 V), compared to the nitrogen-treated and commercial ACs.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)973-984
    Number of pages12
    JournalCarbon Letters
    Volume31
    Issue number5
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2021 Oct

    Bibliographical note

    Funding Information:
    This research was supported by the mid- and long-term nuclear research and development program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017M2A8A5014710) funded by the Korean Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (NRF-2019R1A4A102980111 and NRF-2020R1I1A3066503).

    Funding Information:
    This research was supported by the mid- and long-term nuclear research and development program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017M2A8A5014710) funded by the Korean Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (NRF-2019R1A4A102980111 and NRF-2020R1I1A3066503).

    Publisher Copyright:
    © 2021, Korean Carbon Society.

    Keywords

    • Activated carbon
    • Electric double-layer capacitor
    • Oxygen-containing functional groups
    • Specific surface area
    • Vacuum heat treatment

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Ceramics and Composites
    • Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
    • Energy Engineering and Power Technology
    • Process Chemistry and Technology
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Inorganic Chemistry
    • Materials Chemistry

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