Air Annealing Process for Threshold Voltage Tuning of MoTe₂ FET

A stable doping technique for modifying the conduction behaviour of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial-based transistors is imperative for applications based on low-power complementary oxide thin-film transistors. Achieving an ambipolar feature with a controlled threshold voltage in both the p-and n-regimes is crucial for applying MoTe₂-based devices as electronic devices because their native doping states are unipolar. In this study, a simple method to tune the threshold voltage of MoTe₂ field-effect transistors (FETs) was investigated in order to realise an enhancement-mode MoTe₂ thin-film transistor by implementing a facile method to modulate the carrier polarity based on the oxidative properties of MoTe₂ FETs. Annealing in air induced a continuous p-doping effect in the devices without significant electrical degradation. Through a precise control of the duration and temperature of the post-annealing process, the tailoring technique induces hole doping, which results in a remarkable shift in transfer characteristics, thus leading to a charge neutrality point of the devices at zero gate bias. This study demonstrates the considerable potential of air heating as a reliable and economical post-processing method for precisely modifying the threshold voltage and further controlling the doping states of MoTe₂-based FETs for use in logic inverters with 2D semiconductors.