TY - JOUR
T1 - Amentoflavone, a novel cyanobacterial killing agent from Selaginella tamariscina
AU - Lee, Jaebok
AU - Kim, Minkyung
AU - Jeong, Sang Eun
AU - Park, Hye Yoon
AU - Jeon, Che Ok
AU - Park, Woojun
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) , funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea ( NIBR201920201 ) Appendix A
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/2/15
Y1 - 2020/2/15
N2 - Harmful cyanobacterial bloom (HCB) by Microcystis aeruginosa is increasingly becoming a serious concern to the environment and human health alike. Currently, many physical, chemical, and biological controls are underway to eliminate HCB, but natural chemicals are rarely used. To find a control agent with low environmental toxicity and high potential for practical use, 60 plant extracts were screened. Only Selaginella tamariscina extract killed all four Microcystis aeruginosa strains, but not the other tested bacteria. Chloroform fraction of S. tamariscina extract (CSE) showed the highest killing activity. The effects of CSE on M. aeruginosa were monitored using differential interference contrast microscopy and flow-cytometry analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The images showed that CSE-treated cells were abnormally altered, with damaged cell membranes, peptidoglycan layers, and cytoplasm. Quadrupole time-of-flight liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to identify amentoflavone as a major active compound. Pure amentoflavone, even at low concentrations showed a powerful killing effect on M. aeruginosa, but not on other non-cyanobacteria. Overall, in this study, we have highlighted the potentials of S. tamariscina extracts and amentoflavone as selective HCB control agents.
AB - Harmful cyanobacterial bloom (HCB) by Microcystis aeruginosa is increasingly becoming a serious concern to the environment and human health alike. Currently, many physical, chemical, and biological controls are underway to eliminate HCB, but natural chemicals are rarely used. To find a control agent with low environmental toxicity and high potential for practical use, 60 plant extracts were screened. Only Selaginella tamariscina extract killed all four Microcystis aeruginosa strains, but not the other tested bacteria. Chloroform fraction of S. tamariscina extract (CSE) showed the highest killing activity. The effects of CSE on M. aeruginosa were monitored using differential interference contrast microscopy and flow-cytometry analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The images showed that CSE-treated cells were abnormally altered, with damaged cell membranes, peptidoglycan layers, and cytoplasm. Quadrupole time-of-flight liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to identify amentoflavone as a major active compound. Pure amentoflavone, even at low concentrations showed a powerful killing effect on M. aeruginosa, but not on other non-cyanobacteria. Overall, in this study, we have highlighted the potentials of S. tamariscina extracts and amentoflavone as selective HCB control agents.
KW - Algal bloom
KW - Algicide
KW - Cyanobacteria
KW - Microcystis aeruginosa
KW - Natural extract
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074833901&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121312
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121312
M3 - Article
C2 - 31699478
AN - SCOPUS:85074833901
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 384
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
M1 - 121312
ER -
