An Asian study on the prevalence of atypical respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia

Yun Fong Ngeow; Subharee Suwanjutha; Teerachai Chantarojanasriri; Fu Wang; Mediadora Saniel; Marissa Alejandria; Po Ren Hsueh; Lee Ping-Ing; Seung Chul Park; Jang Wook Sohn; Ahmad M. Aziah; Youning Liu; Wing Hong Seto; Cecilia C.L. Ngan; Mangunnegoro Hadiarto; Alsagaff Hood; Yuet Meng Cheong

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.006

An Asian study on the prevalence of atypical respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia

Yun Fong Ngeow^*
, Subharee Suwanjutha
, Teerachai Chantarojanasriri
, Fu Wang
, Mediadora Saniel
, Marissa Alejandria
, Po Ren Hsueh
, Lee Ping-Ing
, Seung Chul Park
, Jang Wook Sohn
, Ahmad M. Aziah
, Youning Liu
, Wing Hong Seto
, Cecilia C.L. Ngan
, Mangunnegoro Hadiarto
, Alsagaff Hood
, Yuet Meng Cheong

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

80 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: In many parts of Asia, the inaccessibility and high cost of diagnostic tests have hampered the study of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by atypical respiratory pathogens. Objective: This surveillance study examined the frequency of infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila in 1756 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of CAP at 12 medical centres in Asia, using standardised laboratory techniques and interpretation criteria in all participating centres. Methods: Diagnosis of current infection was based on significant changes in antibody titer or persisting high antibody titers, together with the presence of bacterial DNA in respiratory secretions, in the case of M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae infections, or bacterial antigen in urine, in the case of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 infection. Results: Using these criteria, results from 1374 patients with paired sera showed that, overall, 23.5% of CAP cases were associated with infection with atypical respiratory pathogens, with M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila being found in 12.2%, 4.7%, and 6.6% of cases, respectively. Persisting high antibody titers indicative of past exposure to M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila were seen in 10.2%, 4.8%, and 18.9% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: These data reflect the overall high prevalence of these atypical pathogens among Asian patients with CAP.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	144-153
Number of pages	10
Journal	International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume	9
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.006
Publication status	Published - 2005 May

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study is supported by a grant from Pfizer Inc., New York. We are indebted to the following investigators who participated in this study: Mr Alex Lim Kuoh Chieh, Mr Cheong Soon Fatt, Professor Liam Chong Kin, Associate Professor Dr Patrick Chan Wai Kiong, Associate Professor Dr Khoo Ee Ming, Dr Lim Kim Hatt, Dr Vinothini, Madelene Liang, and Ms Lim Moi Heng (University Malaya Medical Center, Petaling Jaya); Assistant Professor Charn Kiatboonsri, Associate Professor Aroonwan Preuthipan, Dr Karl Kalavantanich, Dr Pichet Laouthaiwatthana, Ms. Metta Kham-in, Ms Sumanat Amsthan, Associate Professor Mongkol Kunakorn, Assistant Professor Kalayanee Attamasirikul, Ms. Arree Pornvoranunt, Ms Suwanee Chanampakul, Mr Chavachol Setthaudom, and Ms Kanchana Sriwanicharak, (Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand); Associate Professor Nuanchan Prapphal, Associate Professor Sasithorn Likitnukul, Associate Professor Jitladda Deerojanavong, Dr Rujipat Samransamruakit, and Ms Chanthana Harnruthakorn (King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand); Dr Sorasak Lochindarat, Dr Panida Srisan, Dr Thayanant Bunnag, Dr Pravit Jetanachai, Dr Wiboon Kanjanapattanakul, Ms Ura Charoenwan, and Ms Wanee Manyam (Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Thailand); Dr Pavin Durongkaveroj, Dr Somkid Oonsamathum, Dr Piraj Kateruttanakul, and Ms Penpun Sutham (Rajavithi Hospital, Thailand); Dr Yingsak Supanitayanon (Vajira Hospital, Thailand); Dr Pisit Janedittakarn, Dr Phanvadee Ratanasumawong, Ms Jarrevun Jankana, and Ms Sunanta Boonyuen (Police General Hospital, Thailand); Group Captain Suchada Voratarach, Wing Commander Thanason Thummakul, and Squadron Leader Taweesak Sirikunalai (Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Thailand); Professor Zhang Yinhyuan and Dr Huang Haihui (Shanghai Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Huang Shaoguang, and Professor Li Min (Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Xiu Qingyu, Dr Fang Zheng, and Dr Huang Hai (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Zhou Xin and Dr Li Qun (Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Wang Daiming and Professor Wang Xiaohong (Shanghai Children Hospital (Fudan University), Shanghai, China); Professor Lu Qian (Shanghai Children Hospital, Shanghai, China); Dr Raquel Ecarma, Ms Concepcion Ang, and Mr Marc Agnew Cajucom (Philippine General Hospital, Philippines); Mr Chung Ming Yi, Dr Chen Jong Min, Dr Yu Chong Jen, Ms. Tsai Yi Fen, Dr Fang Yin Hua, Dr Yang Chin Ying, and Ms. Lee Shu Han (National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan); Dr Min Ja Kim, Dr Jin-Soo Lee, Ms. Hee-Sun Sim and Dr Hyun-il Choi (College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea); Dr Heung-Jeong Woo (Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Korea); Dr Yong Kyun Cho (Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical School, Korea); Dr Young-Hwa Choi (Ajou University Hospital, Korea); Dr Fazilah Binti Ahmad, Dr Noor Arliza, Dr Ariza Adnan, Dr Norzila Mohamed Zainudin, Dr Rus Anida Bte Awang, Mrs Yew/Chew, Puan Shamsiah Md. Said, Puan Faridah Mohamed, and Dr Zubaidah bte Abdul Wahab (Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur); Dr Chuah Siew Kee, and Dato Dr Shanta Kumari (Klang General Hospital, Selangor), Professor Wang Rui, Dr Zhao Tiemei, and Mr Liu Qingfeng (Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China); Professor Yao Wanzhen and Associate Professor Zhang Lisha (Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing, China); Professor He Zhengyi and Associate Professor Jiao Yunmin (Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China); Professor Duan Yunyou and Associate Professor Nie Zhoushan (Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China); Professor Kenneth Tsang, Dr Matthew Wong, Dr Simon Ip, Dr Vincent Cheng, Ms. Chan Mei Mei, and Dr Chan Kwok Hung (Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong); A/Professor Philip Eng Cher Tiew, Dr Steve Yang Tze Yi, Dr Low Su Ying, Dr Se-Thoe Su Yun, Dr Huang Shan Wei, and Ms Yap Chwee Bee (Singapore General Hospital, Singapore); Dr Priyanti ZS, Dr Elisna Syahruddin, and Dr Wiwien Heru Wiyono (Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Persabahatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia); Dr Soedarsono and Dr Manase Lulu (Dr Sutomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia). We would also like to express our thanks to Ruth Koehnken from Focus Technology for providing the sera for the MIF test in the QA program, and Professor Ken Baker Waites from the University of Alabama for providing the Mycoplasma pneumoniae cultures for the QA program and for his invaluable advice in the start-up of the study.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Asia
Atypical respiratory pathogens
Community-acquired pneumonia

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Microbiology (medical)
Infectious Diseases

Access to Document

10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.006

Cite this

Ngeow, Y. F., Suwanjutha, S., Chantarojanasriri, T., Wang, F., Saniel, M., Alejandria, M., Hsueh, P. R., Ping-Ing, L., Park, S. C., Sohn, J. W., Aziah, A. M., Liu, Y., Seto, W. H., Ngan, C. C. L., Hadiarto, M., Hood, A., & Cheong, Y. M. (2005). An Asian study on the prevalence of atypical respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 9(3), 144-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.006

Ngeow, YF, Suwanjutha, S, Chantarojanasriri, T, Wang, F, Saniel, M, Alejandria, M, Hsueh, PR, Ping-Ing, L, Park, SC, Sohn, JW, Aziah, AM, Liu, Y, Seto, WH, Ngan, CCL, Hadiarto, M, Hood, A & Cheong, YM 2005, 'An Asian study on the prevalence of atypical respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia', International Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 144-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.006

@article{e75d4598654b427c97be3f435ea234ca,

title = "An Asian study on the prevalence of atypical respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia",

abstract = "Background: In many parts of Asia, the inaccessibility and high cost of diagnostic tests have hampered the study of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by atypical respiratory pathogens. Objective: This surveillance study examined the frequency of infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila in 1756 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of CAP at 12 medical centres in Asia, using standardised laboratory techniques and interpretation criteria in all participating centres. Methods: Diagnosis of current infection was based on significant changes in antibody titer or persisting high antibody titers, together with the presence of bacterial DNA in respiratory secretions, in the case of M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae infections, or bacterial antigen in urine, in the case of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 infection. Results: Using these criteria, results from 1374 patients with paired sera showed that, overall, 23.5\% of CAP cases were associated with infection with atypical respiratory pathogens, with M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila being found in 12.2\%, 4.7\%, and 6.6\% of cases, respectively. Persisting high antibody titers indicative of past exposure to M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila were seen in 10.2\%, 4.8\%, and 18.9\% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: These data reflect the overall high prevalence of these atypical pathogens among Asian patients with CAP.",

keywords = "Asia, Atypical respiratory pathogens, Community-acquired pneumonia",

author = "Ngeow, \{Yun Fong\} and Subharee Suwanjutha and Teerachai Chantarojanasriri and Fu Wang and Mediadora Saniel and Marissa Alejandria and Hsueh, \{Po Ren\} and Lee Ping-Ing and Park, \{Seung Chul\} and Sohn, \{Jang Wook\} and Aziah, \{Ahmad M.\} and Youning Liu and Seto, \{Wing Hong\} and Ngan, \{Cecilia C.L.\} and Mangunnegoro Hadiarto and Alsagaff Hood and Cheong, \{Yuet Meng\}",

note = "Funding Information: This study is supported by a grant from Pfizer Inc., New York. We are indebted to the following investigators who participated in this study: Mr Alex Lim Kuoh Chieh, Mr Cheong Soon Fatt, Professor Liam Chong Kin, Associate Professor Dr Patrick Chan Wai Kiong, Associate Professor Dr Khoo Ee Ming, Dr Lim Kim Hatt, Dr Vinothini, Madelene Liang, and Ms Lim Moi Heng (University Malaya Medical Center, Petaling Jaya); Assistant Professor Charn Kiatboonsri, Associate Professor Aroonwan Preuthipan, Dr Karl Kalavantanich, Dr Pichet Laouthaiwatthana, Ms. Metta Kham-in, Ms Sumanat Amsthan, Associate Professor Mongkol Kunakorn, Assistant Professor Kalayanee Attamasirikul, Ms. Arree Pornvoranunt, Ms Suwanee Chanampakul, Mr Chavachol Setthaudom, and Ms Kanchana Sriwanicharak, (Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand); Associate Professor Nuanchan Prapphal, Associate Professor Sasithorn Likitnukul, Associate Professor Jitladda Deerojanavong, Dr Rujipat Samransamruakit, and Ms Chanthana Harnruthakorn (King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand); Dr Sorasak Lochindarat, Dr Panida Srisan, Dr Thayanant Bunnag, Dr Pravit Jetanachai, Dr Wiboon Kanjanapattanakul, Ms Ura Charoenwan, and Ms Wanee Manyam (Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Thailand); Dr Pavin Durongkaveroj, Dr Somkid Oonsamathum, Dr Piraj Kateruttanakul, and Ms Penpun Sutham (Rajavithi Hospital, Thailand); Dr Yingsak Supanitayanon (Vajira Hospital, Thailand); Dr Pisit Janedittakarn, Dr Phanvadee Ratanasumawong, Ms Jarrevun Jankana, and Ms Sunanta Boonyuen (Police General Hospital, Thailand); Group Captain Suchada Voratarach, Wing Commander Thanason Thummakul, and Squadron Leader Taweesak Sirikunalai (Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Thailand); Professor Zhang Yinhyuan and Dr Huang Haihui (Shanghai Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Huang Shaoguang, and Professor Li Min (Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Xiu Qingyu, Dr Fang Zheng, and Dr Huang Hai (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Zhou Xin and Dr Li Qun (Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Wang Daiming and Professor Wang Xiaohong (Shanghai Children Hospital (Fudan University), Shanghai, China); Professor Lu Qian (Shanghai Children Hospital, Shanghai, China); Dr Raquel Ecarma, Ms Concepcion Ang, and Mr Marc Agnew Cajucom (Philippine General Hospital, Philippines); Mr Chung Ming Yi, Dr Chen Jong Min, Dr Yu Chong Jen, Ms. Tsai Yi Fen, Dr Fang Yin Hua, Dr Yang Chin Ying, and Ms. Lee Shu Han (National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan); Dr Min Ja Kim, Dr Jin-Soo Lee, Ms. Hee-Sun Sim and Dr Hyun-il Choi (College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea); Dr Heung-Jeong Woo (Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Korea); Dr Yong Kyun Cho (Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical School, Korea); Dr Young-Hwa Choi (Ajou University Hospital, Korea); Dr Fazilah Binti Ahmad, Dr Noor Arliza, Dr Ariza Adnan, Dr Norzila Mohamed Zainudin, Dr Rus Anida Bte Awang, Mrs Yew/Chew, Puan Shamsiah Md. Said, Puan Faridah Mohamed, and Dr Zubaidah bte Abdul Wahab (Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur); Dr Chuah Siew Kee, and Dato Dr Shanta Kumari (Klang General Hospital, Selangor), Professor Wang Rui, Dr Zhao Tiemei, and Mr Liu Qingfeng (Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China); Professor Yao Wanzhen and Associate Professor Zhang Lisha (Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing, China); Professor He Zhengyi and Associate Professor Jiao Yunmin (Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China); Professor Duan Yunyou and Associate Professor Nie Zhoushan (Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China); Professor Kenneth Tsang, Dr Matthew Wong, Dr Simon Ip, Dr Vincent Cheng, Ms. Chan Mei Mei, and Dr Chan Kwok Hung (Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong); A/Professor Philip Eng Cher Tiew, Dr Steve Yang Tze Yi, Dr Low Su Ying, Dr Se-Thoe Su Yun, Dr Huang Shan Wei, and Ms Yap Chwee Bee (Singapore General Hospital, Singapore); Dr Priyanti ZS, Dr Elisna Syahruddin, and Dr Wiwien Heru Wiyono (Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Persabahatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia); Dr Soedarsono and Dr Manase Lulu (Dr Sutomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia). We would also like to express our thanks to Ruth Koehnken from Focus Technology for providing the sera for the MIF test in the QA program, and Professor Ken Baker Waites from the University of Alabama for providing the Mycoplasma pneumoniae cultures for the QA program and for his invaluable advice in the start-up of the study. ",

year = "2005",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.006",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

pages = "144--153",

journal = "International Journal of Infectious Diseases",

issn = "1201-9712",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - An Asian study on the prevalence of atypical respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia

AU - Ngeow, Yun Fong

AU - Suwanjutha, Subharee

AU - Chantarojanasriri, Teerachai

AU - Wang, Fu

AU - Saniel, Mediadora

AU - Alejandria, Marissa

AU - Hsueh, Po Ren

AU - Ping-Ing, Lee

AU - Park, Seung Chul

AU - Sohn, Jang Wook

AU - Aziah, Ahmad M.

AU - Liu, Youning

AU - Seto, Wing Hong

AU - Ngan, Cecilia C.L.

AU - Hadiarto, Mangunnegoro

AU - Hood, Alsagaff

AU - Cheong, Yuet Meng

N1 - Funding Information: This study is supported by a grant from Pfizer Inc., New York. We are indebted to the following investigators who participated in this study: Mr Alex Lim Kuoh Chieh, Mr Cheong Soon Fatt, Professor Liam Chong Kin, Associate Professor Dr Patrick Chan Wai Kiong, Associate Professor Dr Khoo Ee Ming, Dr Lim Kim Hatt, Dr Vinothini, Madelene Liang, and Ms Lim Moi Heng (University Malaya Medical Center, Petaling Jaya); Assistant Professor Charn Kiatboonsri, Associate Professor Aroonwan Preuthipan, Dr Karl Kalavantanich, Dr Pichet Laouthaiwatthana, Ms. Metta Kham-in, Ms Sumanat Amsthan, Associate Professor Mongkol Kunakorn, Assistant Professor Kalayanee Attamasirikul, Ms. Arree Pornvoranunt, Ms Suwanee Chanampakul, Mr Chavachol Setthaudom, and Ms Kanchana Sriwanicharak, (Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand); Associate Professor Nuanchan Prapphal, Associate Professor Sasithorn Likitnukul, Associate Professor Jitladda Deerojanavong, Dr Rujipat Samransamruakit, and Ms Chanthana Harnruthakorn (King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand); Dr Sorasak Lochindarat, Dr Panida Srisan, Dr Thayanant Bunnag, Dr Pravit Jetanachai, Dr Wiboon Kanjanapattanakul, Ms Ura Charoenwan, and Ms Wanee Manyam (Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Thailand); Dr Pavin Durongkaveroj, Dr Somkid Oonsamathum, Dr Piraj Kateruttanakul, and Ms Penpun Sutham (Rajavithi Hospital, Thailand); Dr Yingsak Supanitayanon (Vajira Hospital, Thailand); Dr Pisit Janedittakarn, Dr Phanvadee Ratanasumawong, Ms Jarrevun Jankana, and Ms Sunanta Boonyuen (Police General Hospital, Thailand); Group Captain Suchada Voratarach, Wing Commander Thanason Thummakul, and Squadron Leader Taweesak Sirikunalai (Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Thailand); Professor Zhang Yinhyuan and Dr Huang Haihui (Shanghai Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Huang Shaoguang, and Professor Li Min (Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Xiu Qingyu, Dr Fang Zheng, and Dr Huang Hai (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Zhou Xin and Dr Li Qun (Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China); Professor Wang Daiming and Professor Wang Xiaohong (Shanghai Children Hospital (Fudan University), Shanghai, China); Professor Lu Qian (Shanghai Children Hospital, Shanghai, China); Dr Raquel Ecarma, Ms Concepcion Ang, and Mr Marc Agnew Cajucom (Philippine General Hospital, Philippines); Mr Chung Ming Yi, Dr Chen Jong Min, Dr Yu Chong Jen, Ms. Tsai Yi Fen, Dr Fang Yin Hua, Dr Yang Chin Ying, and Ms. Lee Shu Han (National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan); Dr Min Ja Kim, Dr Jin-Soo Lee, Ms. Hee-Sun Sim and Dr Hyun-il Choi (College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea); Dr Heung-Jeong Woo (Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Korea); Dr Yong Kyun Cho (Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical School, Korea); Dr Young-Hwa Choi (Ajou University Hospital, Korea); Dr Fazilah Binti Ahmad, Dr Noor Arliza, Dr Ariza Adnan, Dr Norzila Mohamed Zainudin, Dr Rus Anida Bte Awang, Mrs Yew/Chew, Puan Shamsiah Md. Said, Puan Faridah Mohamed, and Dr Zubaidah bte Abdul Wahab (Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur); Dr Chuah Siew Kee, and Dato Dr Shanta Kumari (Klang General Hospital, Selangor), Professor Wang Rui, Dr Zhao Tiemei, and Mr Liu Qingfeng (Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China); Professor Yao Wanzhen and Associate Professor Zhang Lisha (Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing, China); Professor He Zhengyi and Associate Professor Jiao Yunmin (Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China); Professor Duan Yunyou and Associate Professor Nie Zhoushan (Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China); Professor Kenneth Tsang, Dr Matthew Wong, Dr Simon Ip, Dr Vincent Cheng, Ms. Chan Mei Mei, and Dr Chan Kwok Hung (Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong); A/Professor Philip Eng Cher Tiew, Dr Steve Yang Tze Yi, Dr Low Su Ying, Dr Se-Thoe Su Yun, Dr Huang Shan Wei, and Ms Yap Chwee Bee (Singapore General Hospital, Singapore); Dr Priyanti ZS, Dr Elisna Syahruddin, and Dr Wiwien Heru Wiyono (Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Persabahatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia); Dr Soedarsono and Dr Manase Lulu (Dr Sutomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia). We would also like to express our thanks to Ruth Koehnken from Focus Technology for providing the sera for the MIF test in the QA program, and Professor Ken Baker Waites from the University of Alabama for providing the Mycoplasma pneumoniae cultures for the QA program and for his invaluable advice in the start-up of the study.

PY - 2005/5

Y1 - 2005/5

N2 - Background: In many parts of Asia, the inaccessibility and high cost of diagnostic tests have hampered the study of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by atypical respiratory pathogens. Objective: This surveillance study examined the frequency of infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila in 1756 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of CAP at 12 medical centres in Asia, using standardised laboratory techniques and interpretation criteria in all participating centres. Methods: Diagnosis of current infection was based on significant changes in antibody titer or persisting high antibody titers, together with the presence of bacterial DNA in respiratory secretions, in the case of M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae infections, or bacterial antigen in urine, in the case of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 infection. Results: Using these criteria, results from 1374 patients with paired sera showed that, overall, 23.5% of CAP cases were associated with infection with atypical respiratory pathogens, with M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila being found in 12.2%, 4.7%, and 6.6% of cases, respectively. Persisting high antibody titers indicative of past exposure to M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila were seen in 10.2%, 4.8%, and 18.9% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: These data reflect the overall high prevalence of these atypical pathogens among Asian patients with CAP.

AB - Background: In many parts of Asia, the inaccessibility and high cost of diagnostic tests have hampered the study of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by atypical respiratory pathogens. Objective: This surveillance study examined the frequency of infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila in 1756 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of CAP at 12 medical centres in Asia, using standardised laboratory techniques and interpretation criteria in all participating centres. Methods: Diagnosis of current infection was based on significant changes in antibody titer or persisting high antibody titers, together with the presence of bacterial DNA in respiratory secretions, in the case of M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae infections, or bacterial antigen in urine, in the case of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 infection. Results: Using these criteria, results from 1374 patients with paired sera showed that, overall, 23.5% of CAP cases were associated with infection with atypical respiratory pathogens, with M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila being found in 12.2%, 4.7%, and 6.6% of cases, respectively. Persisting high antibody titers indicative of past exposure to M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila were seen in 10.2%, 4.8%, and 18.9% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: These data reflect the overall high prevalence of these atypical pathogens among Asian patients with CAP.

KW - Asia

KW - Atypical respiratory pathogens

KW - Community-acquired pneumonia

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/20944448651

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.006

DO - 10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.006

M3 - Article

C2 - 15840455

AN - SCOPUS:20944448651

SN - 1201-9712

VL - 9

SP - 144

EP - 153

JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases

JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases

IS - 3

ER -

An Asian study on the prevalence of atypical respiratory pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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