TY - JOUR
T1 - Applications of biochar in redox-mediated reactions
AU - Yuan, Yong
AU - Bolan, Nanthi
AU - Prévoteau, Antonin
AU - Vithanage, Meththika
AU - Biswas, Jayanta Kumar
AU - Ok, Yong Sik
AU - Wang, Hailong
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge Prof M. B. Kirkam at Kansas State University for thorough proof reading of this paper. Tim Lacoere from Ghent University is warmly thanked for the artwork in the graphical abstract and Fig. 1. Y.Y. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51678162) and Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (No. 2014A030306033); A.P. is supported by the European Research Council via the Starter Grant ELECTROTALK; A.P. thanks Stephen J. Andersen for reviewing his section; J.K.B. acknowledges the support received from Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India under INSPIRE Fellowship Programme (Code No.: 1F131101).
Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge Prof M. B. Kirkam at Kansas State University for thorough proof reading of this paper. Tim Lacoere from Ghent University is warmly thanked for the artwork in the graphical abstract and Fig. 1. Y.Y. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51678162 ) and Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (No. 2014A030306033 ); A.P. is supported by the European Research Council via the Starter Grant ELECTROTALK; A.P. thanks Stephen J. Andersen for reviewing his section; J.K.B. acknowledges the support received from Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India under INSPIRE Fellowship Programme (Code No.: 1F131101 ). Appendix A
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2017/12
Y1 - 2017/12
N2 - Biochar is chemically more reduced and reactive than the original feedstock biomass. Graphite regions, functional groups, and redox-active metals in biochar contribute to its redox characteristics. While the functional groups such as phenolic species in biochar are the main electron donating moieties (i.e., reducers), the quinones and polycondensed aromatic functional groups are the components accepting electrons (oxidants). The redox capacity of biochar depends on feedstock properties and pyrolysis conditions. This paper aims to review and summarize the various synthesis techniques for biochars and the methods for probing their redox characteristics. We review the abiotic and microbial applications of biochars as electron donors, electron acceptors, or electron shuttles for pollutant degradation, metal(loid)s (im)mobilization, nutrient transformation, and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, knowledge gaps that exist in the exploration and differentiation of the electron transfer mechanisms involving biochars are also identified.
AB - Biochar is chemically more reduced and reactive than the original feedstock biomass. Graphite regions, functional groups, and redox-active metals in biochar contribute to its redox characteristics. While the functional groups such as phenolic species in biochar are the main electron donating moieties (i.e., reducers), the quinones and polycondensed aromatic functional groups are the components accepting electrons (oxidants). The redox capacity of biochar depends on feedstock properties and pyrolysis conditions. This paper aims to review and summarize the various synthesis techniques for biochars and the methods for probing their redox characteristics. We review the abiotic and microbial applications of biochars as electron donors, electron acceptors, or electron shuttles for pollutant degradation, metal(loid)s (im)mobilization, nutrient transformation, and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, knowledge gaps that exist in the exploration and differentiation of the electron transfer mechanisms involving biochars are also identified.
KW - Biochar
KW - Functional groups
KW - Graphite regions
KW - Pyrolysis
KW - Redox reactions
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85022230390&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.154
DO - 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.154
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28709884
AN - SCOPUS:85022230390
SN - 0960-8524
VL - 246
SP - 271
EP - 281
JO - Bioresource technology
JF - Bioresource technology
ER -
