Aspirin Improves Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Atherosclerosis through Regulation of the PPAR δ -AMPK-PGC-1 α Pathway in Dyslipidemic Conditions

Yoon Mi Han, Yong Jik Lee, Yoo Na Jang, Hyun Min Kim, Hong Seog Seo, Tae Woo Jung, Ji Hoon Jeong

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    39 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    This study is aimed at elucidating how aspirin could systemically and simultaneously normalize nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis through both in vitro and in vivo studies in hyperlipidemic conditions. We evaluated the effects and mechanism of aspirin on the levels of various biomarkers related to NAFLD, atherosclerosis, and oxidative phosphorylation in cells and animals of hyperlipidemic conditions. The protein levels of biomarkers (PPARδ, AMPK, and PGC-1α) involved in oxidative phosphorylation in both the vascular endothelial and liver cells were elevated by the aspirin in hyperlipidemic condition. Also in the stimulation pathway of oxidative phosphorylation by aspirin, PPARδ was a superior regulator than AMPK and PGC-1α in HepG2 cells. In the vascular endothelial cells, the phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase level was increased by the treatment. The protein levels of biomarkers related to lipid synthesis were decreased by the treatment in the liver cells. In rabbits administered with cholesterol diet, the levels of triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and alanine amino transferase in serums were ameliorated by the aspirin treatment, the levels of ATP and TNFα were increased or decreased, respectively, by the aspirin in liver and aorta tissues, and mannose receptor and C-C chemokine receptor type 2 levels were increased or decreased by the aspirin in spleen, respectively. The elevated levels of macrophage antigen, angiotensin II type1 receptor, and lipid accumulation were decreased in both the liver and aorta tissues in the aspirin-treated group. In conclusion, aspirin can systemically and simultaneously ameliorate NAFLD and atherosclerosis by inhibiting lipid biosynthesis and inflammation and by elevating catabolic metabolism through the activation of the PPARδ-AMPK-PGC-1α pathway. Furthermore, aspirin may normalize atherosclerosis and NAFLD by modulating the mannose receptor and CCR2 in macrophages.

    Original languageEnglish
    Article number7806860
    JournalBioMed Research International
    Volume2020
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2020

    Bibliographical note

    Publisher Copyright:
    © 2020 Yoon-Mi Han et al.

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology
    • General Immunology and Microbiology

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