TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of the effect of cooking on speciation and bioaccessibility/cellular uptake of arsenic in rice, using in vitro digestion and Caco-2 and PSI cells as model
AU - Lee, Seul Gi
AU - Kim, Jinhye
AU - Park, Hyunjoon
AU - Holzapfel, Wilhelm
AU - Lee, Kwang Won
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by a grant ( 15162MFDS077 ) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2015 and a Kore University Grant ( K1604281 ). We wish to gratefully acknowledge the kind support of Professor Dr. Avrelija Cencic (deceased December 2012), in making available the PSI cell line. We, as a scientific community, will keep in highest esteem a great scientist of our time. The authors also thank the Korea University-CJ Food Safety Center (Seoul, South Korea) for providing the equipment and facilities.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2018/1
Y1 - 2018/1
N2 - In vitro digestion/Caco-2 or pig small intestinal epithelium cell line (PSI) uptake models were used to study the bioaccessibility and cellular uptake of arsenic (As) in cooked white rice and brown rice. The arsenite(AsIII), was the predominant species in cooked rice and in its bioaccessible fractions. The percentage of total As bioaccessibility in white rice (75%) was slightly higher (p=0.061) than that in brown rice(66%). However, there was no difference in the inorganic As (iAs) bioaccessibility between white rice (95%) and brown rice (96%). In Caco-2 cell monolayer, total As retention was 7-31%, transport was 4-25%, and uptake (sum of retention and transport) was 16-38%. In PSI cell model, the retention, transport, and uptake of tAs were 10-28%, 14-31%, and 29-50%, respectively. In both cells, the cellular uptake of tAs in brown rice was 1.4-1.5 folds lower (p<0.05) than that of white rice. These results indicate that the cellular uptake of As can be affected by nutritional compositions. These in vitro screening methods can serve as preliminary screens to predict the relative impact in rice matrix having different As species and processing conditions, although more research efforts should be applied to validating the existing in vitro methods
AB - In vitro digestion/Caco-2 or pig small intestinal epithelium cell line (PSI) uptake models were used to study the bioaccessibility and cellular uptake of arsenic (As) in cooked white rice and brown rice. The arsenite(AsIII), was the predominant species in cooked rice and in its bioaccessible fractions. The percentage of total As bioaccessibility in white rice (75%) was slightly higher (p=0.061) than that in brown rice(66%). However, there was no difference in the inorganic As (iAs) bioaccessibility between white rice (95%) and brown rice (96%). In Caco-2 cell monolayer, total As retention was 7-31%, transport was 4-25%, and uptake (sum of retention and transport) was 16-38%. In PSI cell model, the retention, transport, and uptake of tAs were 10-28%, 14-31%, and 29-50%, respectively. In both cells, the cellular uptake of tAs in brown rice was 1.4-1.5 folds lower (p<0.05) than that of white rice. These results indicate that the cellular uptake of As can be affected by nutritional compositions. These in vitro screening methods can serve as preliminary screens to predict the relative impact in rice matrix having different As species and processing conditions, although more research efforts should be applied to validating the existing in vitro methods
KW - Bioaccessibility
KW - Cellular uptake
KW - Cooked rice
KW - In vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model
KW - Inorganic arsenic
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85037679172&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.052
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.052
M3 - Article
C2 - 29222053
AN - SCOPUS:85037679172
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 111
SP - 597
EP - 604
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
ER -