Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes

Uzma Younis; Saeed Ahmad Malik; Muhammad Rizwan; Muhammad Farooq Qayyum; Yong Sik Ok; Muhammad Hasnain Raza Shah; Rabia Abdur Rehman; Niaz Ahmad

doi:10.1007/s11356-016-7344-3

Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes

Uzma Younis, Saeed Ahmad Malik, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Farooq Qayyum, Yong Sik Ok, Muhammad Hasnain Raza Shah, Rabia Abdur Rehman, Niaz Ahmad

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

255 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) has no known role in plant biology and is toxic to plants and animals. The Cd mainly accumulated in agricultural soils through anthropogenic activities, such as sewage water irrigation and phosphorus fertilization. Biochar (BC) has been proposed as an amendment to reduce metal toxicity in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of BC (cotton stick at a rate of 0, 3, and 5 %) on Cd uptake and the photosynthetic, physiological, and biochemical responses of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) grown in Cd-spiked soil (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg Cd kg⁻¹ soil). The results showed that Cd toxicity decreased growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, and amino acid and protein contents in 52-day-old spinach seedlings. The Cd treatments increased the concentrations of Cd, sugar, ascorbic acid, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plants. The application of BC ameliorated the harmful effects of Cd in spinach plants. Under Cd stress, BC application increased the growth, photosynthesis, and protein contents and decreased Cd concentrations and MDA contents in plants. The maximum BC-mediated increase in dry biomass was about 25 % with 5 % BC application in control plants. It is concluded that BC could ameliorate Cd toxic effects in spinach through changing the physiological and biochemical attributes under Cd stress.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	21385-21394
Number of pages	10
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume	23
Issue number	21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7344-3
Publication status	Published - 2016 Nov 1
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research is part of a Ph.D. thesis of the first author. We acknowledge Higher Education Commission, Pakistan, for financial support. Moreover, we acknowledge the International Foundation for Science and The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) for the research funding under grant number C-5591.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Keywords

Cotton sticks
Pyrolysis
Trace metals
Vegetables

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Chemistry
Pollution
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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10.1007/s11356-016-7344-3

Cite this

Younis, U., Malik, S. A., Rizwan, M., Qayyum, M. F., Ok, Y. S., Shah, M. H. R., Rehman, R. A., & Ahmad, N. (2016). Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23(21), 21385-21394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7344-3

Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes. / Younis, Uzma; Malik, Saeed Ahmad; Rizwan, Muhammad et al.
In: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 23, No. 21, 01.11.2016, p. 21385-21394.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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title = "Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes",

abstract = "Cadmium (Cd) has no known role in plant biology and is toxic to plants and animals. The Cd mainly accumulated in agricultural soils through anthropogenic activities, such as sewage water irrigation and phosphorus fertilization. Biochar (BC) has been proposed as an amendment to reduce metal toxicity in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of BC (cotton stick at a rate of 0, 3, and 5 \%) on Cd uptake and the photosynthetic, physiological, and biochemical responses of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) grown in Cd-spiked soil (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg Cd kg−1 soil). The results showed that Cd toxicity decreased growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, and amino acid and protein contents in 52-day-old spinach seedlings. The Cd treatments increased the concentrations of Cd, sugar, ascorbic acid, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plants. The application of BC ameliorated the harmful effects of Cd in spinach plants. Under Cd stress, BC application increased the growth, photosynthesis, and protein contents and decreased Cd concentrations and MDA contents in plants. The maximum BC-mediated increase in dry biomass was about 25 \% with 5 \% BC application in control plants. It is concluded that BC could ameliorate Cd toxic effects in spinach through changing the physiological and biochemical attributes under Cd stress.",

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AU - Malik, Saeed Ahmad

AU - Rizwan, Muhammad

AU - Qayyum, Muhammad Farooq

AU - Ok, Yong Sik

AU - Shah, Muhammad Hasnain Raza

AU - Rehman, Rabia Abdur

AU - Ahmad, Niaz

N1 - Funding Information: This research is part of a Ph.D. thesis of the first author. We acknowledge Higher Education Commission, Pakistan, for financial support. Moreover, we acknowledge the International Foundation for Science and The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) for the research funding under grant number C-5591. Publisher Copyright: © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

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N2 - Cadmium (Cd) has no known role in plant biology and is toxic to plants and animals. The Cd mainly accumulated in agricultural soils through anthropogenic activities, such as sewage water irrigation and phosphorus fertilization. Biochar (BC) has been proposed as an amendment to reduce metal toxicity in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of BC (cotton stick at a rate of 0, 3, and 5 %) on Cd uptake and the photosynthetic, physiological, and biochemical responses of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) grown in Cd-spiked soil (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg Cd kg−1 soil). The results showed that Cd toxicity decreased growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, and amino acid and protein contents in 52-day-old spinach seedlings. The Cd treatments increased the concentrations of Cd, sugar, ascorbic acid, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plants. The application of BC ameliorated the harmful effects of Cd in spinach plants. Under Cd stress, BC application increased the growth, photosynthesis, and protein contents and decreased Cd concentrations and MDA contents in plants. The maximum BC-mediated increase in dry biomass was about 25 % with 5 % BC application in control plants. It is concluded that BC could ameliorate Cd toxic effects in spinach through changing the physiological and biochemical attributes under Cd stress.

AB - Cadmium (Cd) has no known role in plant biology and is toxic to plants and animals. The Cd mainly accumulated in agricultural soils through anthropogenic activities, such as sewage water irrigation and phosphorus fertilization. Biochar (BC) has been proposed as an amendment to reduce metal toxicity in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of BC (cotton stick at a rate of 0, 3, and 5 %) on Cd uptake and the photosynthetic, physiological, and biochemical responses of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) grown in Cd-spiked soil (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg Cd kg−1 soil). The results showed that Cd toxicity decreased growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, and amino acid and protein contents in 52-day-old spinach seedlings. The Cd treatments increased the concentrations of Cd, sugar, ascorbic acid, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plants. The application of BC ameliorated the harmful effects of Cd in spinach plants. Under Cd stress, BC application increased the growth, photosynthesis, and protein contents and decreased Cd concentrations and MDA contents in plants. The maximum BC-mediated increase in dry biomass was about 25 % with 5 % BC application in control plants. It is concluded that BC could ameliorate Cd toxic effects in spinach through changing the physiological and biochemical attributes under Cd stress.

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ER -

Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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