TY - JOUR
T1 - Bistatic Backscatter Communication
T2 - Shunt Network Design
AU - Hua, Meng
AU - Yang, Luxi
AU - Li, Chunguo
AU - Zhu, Zhengyu
AU - Lee, Inkyu
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received May 6, 2020; revised September 29, 2020 and November 4, 2020; accepted November 23, 2020. Date of publication November 30, 2020; date of current version April 23, 2021. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U1936201, Grant 61941115, and Grant 61971128; in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2020YFB1804901; and in part by the National Research Foundation through the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning (MSIP), Korean Government, under Grant 2017R1A2B3012316. (Corresponding author: Luxi Yang.) Meng Hua and Luxi Yang are with the School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China, and also with Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing 211111, China (e-mail: mhua@seu.edu.cn; lxyang@seu.edu.cn).
Publisher Copyright:
IEEE
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Bistatic backscatter communication is emerged as a promising technique to significantly enlarge the lifetime of internet of things (IoT) network due to its inherently low-power passive component. However, the effective communication range is limited to only several meters. This paper studies the tag circuit shunt network, and propose three modes, namely series mode, parallel mode, and mixed mode, to adjust circuit load impedance of the tag to extend the communication range as well as address the integrated circuit (IC) power supply problem. Specifically, we formulate the bit error rate (BER) minimization problems for the three modes by changing the reflection coefficients, subject to power supply constraint. The resulting problems are shown to be non-convex fractional optimization problems, which are hard to be solved optimally in general. We first obtain a globally optimal solution to the series mode problem by exploiting the hidden monotonic structure based on monotonic optimization theory. Subsequently, we propose a low-complexity iterative suboptimal algorithm for the three modes based on the successive convex approximation (SCA) techniques. Numerical results show that when the direct link is available, the mixed mode outperforms the parallel mode and series mode, and can adaptively adjust the reflection coefficient to satisfy the requirement of IC power supply. In contrast, when the direct link is unavailable, the series mode is the best choice in terms of IC power supply. In addition, traditional on-off keying modulation is shown to be suitable for a low IC power supply, whereas a shunt network is necessary for high of power supply. Furthermore, the performance of SCA-based method closely approaches the optimal solution while with much lower complexity.
AB - Bistatic backscatter communication is emerged as a promising technique to significantly enlarge the lifetime of internet of things (IoT) network due to its inherently low-power passive component. However, the effective communication range is limited to only several meters. This paper studies the tag circuit shunt network, and propose three modes, namely series mode, parallel mode, and mixed mode, to adjust circuit load impedance of the tag to extend the communication range as well as address the integrated circuit (IC) power supply problem. Specifically, we formulate the bit error rate (BER) minimization problems for the three modes by changing the reflection coefficients, subject to power supply constraint. The resulting problems are shown to be non-convex fractional optimization problems, which are hard to be solved optimally in general. We first obtain a globally optimal solution to the series mode problem by exploiting the hidden monotonic structure based on monotonic optimization theory. Subsequently, we propose a low-complexity iterative suboptimal algorithm for the three modes based on the successive convex approximation (SCA) techniques. Numerical results show that when the direct link is available, the mixed mode outperforms the parallel mode and series mode, and can adaptively adjust the reflection coefficient to satisfy the requirement of IC power supply. In contrast, when the direct link is unavailable, the series mode is the best choice in terms of IC power supply. In addition, traditional on-off keying modulation is shown to be suitable for a low IC power supply, whereas a shunt network is necessary for high of power supply. Furthermore, the performance of SCA-based method closely approaches the optimal solution while with much lower complexity.
KW - Bistatic backscatter communication
KW - coefficient reflection
KW - internet of things (IoT)
KW - monotonic optimization
KW - successive convex approximation technique.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097411622&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JIOT.2020.3040963
DO - 10.1109/JIOT.2020.3040963
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85097411622
SN - 2327-4662
JO - IEEE Internet of Things Journal
JF - IEEE Internet of Things Journal
ER -