Block-copolymer-assisted one-pot synthesis of ordered mesoporous WO 3-x/carbon nanocomposites as high-rate-performance electrodes for pseudocapacitors

Changshin Jo; Jongkook Hwang; Hannah Song; Anh Ha Dao; Yong Tae Kim; Sang Hyup Lee; Seok Won Hong; Songhun Yoon; Jinwoo Lee

doi:10.1002/adfm.201202682

Block-copolymer-assisted one-pot synthesis of ordered mesoporous WO _3-x/carbon nanocomposites as high-rate-performance electrodes for pseudocapacitors

Changshin Jo, Jongkook Hwang, Hannah Song, Anh Ha Dao, Yong Tae Kim, Sang Hyup Lee, Seok Won Hong, Songhun Yoon, Jinwoo Lee

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

154 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

An ordered mesoporous tungsten-oxide/carbon (denoted as m-WO _3-x-C-s) nanocomposite is synthesized using a simple one-pot method using polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) as a structure-directing agent. The hydrophilic PEO block interacts with the carbon and tungsten precursors (resol polymer and WCl₆), and the PS block is converted to pores after heating at 700 °C under a nitrogen flow. The m-WO _3-x-C-s nanocomposite has a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and hexagonally ordered pores. Because of its mesoporous structure and high intrinsic density of tungsten oxide, this material exhibits a high average volumetric capacitance and gravimetric capacitance as a pseudocapacitor electrode. In comparison with reduced mesoporous tungsten oxide (denoted as m-WO_3-x-h), which is synthesized by a tedious hard template approach and further reduction in a H₂/N₂ atmosphere, m-WO _3-x-C-s shows a high capacitance and enhanced rate performance, as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The good performance of m-WO _3-x-C-s is attributed to the high surface area arising from the mesoporous structure, the large interconnected mesopores, and the low internal resistance from the well-dispersed reduced tungsten oxide and amorphous carbon composite structure. Here, the amorphous carbon acts as an electrical pathway for effective pseudocapacitor behavior of WO_3-x. An ordered mesoporous tungsten-oxide/carbon (m-WO_3-x-C-s) nanocomposite is synthesized using a block-copolymer-assisted one-pot self-assembly method. As a pseudocapacitor electrode, m-WO_3-x-C-s exhibits a high average volumetric capacitance of 340 F cm^-3 and a gravimetric capacitance of 103 F g^-1. The amorphous carbon in the m-WO_3-x-C-s decreases the internal resistance of m-WO_3-x-C-s electrode by facilitating electric conduction.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3747-3754
Number of pages	8
Journal	Advanced Functional Materials
Volume	23
Issue number	30
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201202682
Publication status	Published - 2013 Aug 12

Keywords

carbon
electrochemical capacitors
mesoporous materials
nanocomposites
tungsten oxide

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
General Chemistry
Biomaterials
General Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrochemistry

Access to Document

10.1002/adfm.201202682

Cite this

@article{bda1c773f91b4eca9d9c00141f2f65c1,

title = "Block-copolymer-assisted one-pot synthesis of ordered mesoporous WO 3-x/carbon nanocomposites as high-rate-performance electrodes for pseudocapacitors",

abstract = "An ordered mesoporous tungsten-oxide/carbon (denoted as m-WO 3-x-C-s) nanocomposite is synthesized using a simple one-pot method using polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) as a structure-directing agent. The hydrophilic PEO block interacts with the carbon and tungsten precursors (resol polymer and WCl6), and the PS block is converted to pores after heating at 700 °C under a nitrogen flow. The m-WO 3-x-C-s nanocomposite has a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and hexagonally ordered pores. Because of its mesoporous structure and high intrinsic density of tungsten oxide, this material exhibits a high average volumetric capacitance and gravimetric capacitance as a pseudocapacitor electrode. In comparison with reduced mesoporous tungsten oxide (denoted as m-WO3-x-h), which is synthesized by a tedious hard template approach and further reduction in a H2/N2 atmosphere, m-WO 3-x-C-s shows a high capacitance and enhanced rate performance, as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The good performance of m-WO 3-x-C-s is attributed to the high surface area arising from the mesoporous structure, the large interconnected mesopores, and the low internal resistance from the well-dispersed reduced tungsten oxide and amorphous carbon composite structure. Here, the amorphous carbon acts as an electrical pathway for effective pseudocapacitor behavior of WO3-x. An ordered mesoporous tungsten-oxide/carbon (m-WO3-x-C-s) nanocomposite is synthesized using a block-copolymer-assisted one-pot self-assembly method. As a pseudocapacitor electrode, m-WO3-x-C-s exhibits a high average volumetric capacitance of 340 F cm-3 and a gravimetric capacitance of 103 F g-1. The amorphous carbon in the m-WO3-x-C-s decreases the internal resistance of m-WO3-x-C-s electrode by facilitating electric conduction.",

keywords = "carbon, electrochemical capacitors, mesoporous materials, nanocomposites, tungsten oxide",

author = "Changshin Jo and Jongkook Hwang and Hannah Song and Dao, {Anh Ha} and Kim, {Yong Tae} and Lee, {Sang Hyup} and Hong, {Seok Won} and Songhun Yoon and Jinwoo Lee",

year = "2013",

month = aug,

day = "12",

doi = "10.1002/adfm.201202682",

language = "English",

volume = "23",

pages = "3747--3754",

journal = "Advanced Functional Materials",

issn = "1616-301X",

publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",

number = "30",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Block-copolymer-assisted one-pot synthesis of ordered mesoporous WO 3-x/carbon nanocomposites as high-rate-performance electrodes for pseudocapacitors

AU - Jo, Changshin

AU - Hwang, Jongkook

AU - Song, Hannah

AU - Dao, Anh Ha

AU - Kim, Yong Tae

AU - Lee, Sang Hyup

AU - Hong, Seok Won

AU - Yoon, Songhun

AU - Lee, Jinwoo

PY - 2013/8/12

Y1 - 2013/8/12

N2 - An ordered mesoporous tungsten-oxide/carbon (denoted as m-WO 3-x-C-s) nanocomposite is synthesized using a simple one-pot method using polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) as a structure-directing agent. The hydrophilic PEO block interacts with the carbon and tungsten precursors (resol polymer and WCl6), and the PS block is converted to pores after heating at 700 °C under a nitrogen flow. The m-WO 3-x-C-s nanocomposite has a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and hexagonally ordered pores. Because of its mesoporous structure and high intrinsic density of tungsten oxide, this material exhibits a high average volumetric capacitance and gravimetric capacitance as a pseudocapacitor electrode. In comparison with reduced mesoporous tungsten oxide (denoted as m-WO3-x-h), which is synthesized by a tedious hard template approach and further reduction in a H2/N2 atmosphere, m-WO 3-x-C-s shows a high capacitance and enhanced rate performance, as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The good performance of m-WO 3-x-C-s is attributed to the high surface area arising from the mesoporous structure, the large interconnected mesopores, and the low internal resistance from the well-dispersed reduced tungsten oxide and amorphous carbon composite structure. Here, the amorphous carbon acts as an electrical pathway for effective pseudocapacitor behavior of WO3-x. An ordered mesoporous tungsten-oxide/carbon (m-WO3-x-C-s) nanocomposite is synthesized using a block-copolymer-assisted one-pot self-assembly method. As a pseudocapacitor electrode, m-WO3-x-C-s exhibits a high average volumetric capacitance of 340 F cm-3 and a gravimetric capacitance of 103 F g-1. The amorphous carbon in the m-WO3-x-C-s decreases the internal resistance of m-WO3-x-C-s electrode by facilitating electric conduction.

AB - An ordered mesoporous tungsten-oxide/carbon (denoted as m-WO 3-x-C-s) nanocomposite is synthesized using a simple one-pot method using polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) as a structure-directing agent. The hydrophilic PEO block interacts with the carbon and tungsten precursors (resol polymer and WCl6), and the PS block is converted to pores after heating at 700 °C under a nitrogen flow. The m-WO 3-x-C-s nanocomposite has a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and hexagonally ordered pores. Because of its mesoporous structure and high intrinsic density of tungsten oxide, this material exhibits a high average volumetric capacitance and gravimetric capacitance as a pseudocapacitor electrode. In comparison with reduced mesoporous tungsten oxide (denoted as m-WO3-x-h), which is synthesized by a tedious hard template approach and further reduction in a H2/N2 atmosphere, m-WO 3-x-C-s shows a high capacitance and enhanced rate performance, as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The good performance of m-WO 3-x-C-s is attributed to the high surface area arising from the mesoporous structure, the large interconnected mesopores, and the low internal resistance from the well-dispersed reduced tungsten oxide and amorphous carbon composite structure. Here, the amorphous carbon acts as an electrical pathway for effective pseudocapacitor behavior of WO3-x. An ordered mesoporous tungsten-oxide/carbon (m-WO3-x-C-s) nanocomposite is synthesized using a block-copolymer-assisted one-pot self-assembly method. As a pseudocapacitor electrode, m-WO3-x-C-s exhibits a high average volumetric capacitance of 340 F cm-3 and a gravimetric capacitance of 103 F g-1. The amorphous carbon in the m-WO3-x-C-s decreases the internal resistance of m-WO3-x-C-s electrode by facilitating electric conduction.

KW - carbon

KW - electrochemical capacitors

KW - mesoporous materials

KW - nanocomposites

KW - tungsten oxide

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