Bridge to zero-emission: Life cycle assessment of CO2–methanol conversion process and energy optimization

Seung Gul Ryoo; Han Sol Jung; Min Jae Kim; Yong Tae Kang

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.120626

Bridge to zero-emission: Life cycle assessment of CO₂–methanol conversion process and energy optimization

Seung Gul Ryoo, Han Sol Jung, Min Jae Kim, Yong Tae Kang

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

23 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

CO₂-conversion technology provides both CO₂ emission reduction and new value chains and is now becoming a key player in moderating global temperature increase. In this study, CO₂-methanol synthesis processes are evaluated through life cycle assessment. Four conversion processes are selected to represent different technological readiness level (TRL) groups. Coal gasification and coking conversion process for high TRL while hydrogenation and photocatalytic conversion process represent mid and low TRL. Coal gasification conversion shows the highest global warming potential (GWP) with 17.7 kg CO₂_eq, followed by hydrogenation conversion, and coal coking conversion. Photocatalytic conversion showed the lowest GWP with 2.28 kg CO_{2 eq}. The mid-to-low TRL conversion processes are analyzed by varying heat and electric sources. Through variation, feasibility of reducing CO₂ emission to low-TRL level is confirmed. Although emission reduction sensitives upon energy sources are varied, hydrogenation conversion process reduced the GWP from 10.7 to 1.65 kg CO_{2 eq.} Through the study, it is verified that hydrogenation conversion could be a bridge to green methanol until technological development of photocatalytic conversion, an acceleration to zero-emission.

Original language	English
Article number	120626
Journal	Energy
Volume	229
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.120626
Publication status	Published - 2021 Aug 15

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (Grant number: 2020R1A5A1018153 ).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

CO conversion
Emission reduction
Energy optimization
Life cycle assessment
Methanol production

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Mechanical Engineering
Pollution
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
General Energy
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Building and Construction
Fuel Technology
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Civil and Structural Engineering
Modelling and Simulation

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.energy.2021.120626

Cite this

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title = "Bridge to zero-emission: Life cycle assessment of CO2–methanol conversion process and energy optimization",

abstract = "CO2-conversion technology provides both CO2 emission reduction and new value chains and is now becoming a key player in moderating global temperature increase. In this study, CO2-methanol synthesis processes are evaluated through life cycle assessment. Four conversion processes are selected to represent different technological readiness level (TRL) groups. Coal gasification and coking conversion process for high TRL while hydrogenation and photocatalytic conversion process represent mid and low TRL. Coal gasification conversion shows the highest global warming potential (GWP) with 17.7 kg CO2eq, followed by hydrogenation conversion, and coal coking conversion. Photocatalytic conversion showed the lowest GWP with 2.28 kg CO2 eq. The mid-to-low TRL conversion processes are analyzed by varying heat and electric sources. Through variation, feasibility of reducing CO2 emission to low-TRL level is confirmed. Although emission reduction sensitives upon energy sources are varied, hydrogenation conversion process reduced the GWP from 10.7 to 1.65 kg CO2 eq. Through the study, it is verified that hydrogenation conversion could be a bridge to green methanol until technological development of photocatalytic conversion, an acceleration to zero-emission.",

keywords = "CO conversion, Emission reduction, Energy optimization, Life cycle assessment, Methanol production",

author = "Ryoo, {Seung Gul} and Jung, {Han Sol} and Kim, {Min Jae} and Kang, {Yong Tae}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (Grant number: 2020R1A5A1018153 ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",

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doi = "10.1016/j.energy.2021.120626",

language = "English",

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TY - JOUR

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T2 - Life cycle assessment of CO2–methanol conversion process and energy optimization

AU - Ryoo, Seung Gul

AU - Jung, Han Sol

AU - Kim, Min Jae

AU - Kang, Yong Tae

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (Grant number: 2020R1A5A1018153 ). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2021/8/15

Y1 - 2021/8/15

N2 - CO2-conversion technology provides both CO2 emission reduction and new value chains and is now becoming a key player in moderating global temperature increase. In this study, CO2-methanol synthesis processes are evaluated through life cycle assessment. Four conversion processes are selected to represent different technological readiness level (TRL) groups. Coal gasification and coking conversion process for high TRL while hydrogenation and photocatalytic conversion process represent mid and low TRL. Coal gasification conversion shows the highest global warming potential (GWP) with 17.7 kg CO2eq, followed by hydrogenation conversion, and coal coking conversion. Photocatalytic conversion showed the lowest GWP with 2.28 kg CO2 eq. The mid-to-low TRL conversion processes are analyzed by varying heat and electric sources. Through variation, feasibility of reducing CO2 emission to low-TRL level is confirmed. Although emission reduction sensitives upon energy sources are varied, hydrogenation conversion process reduced the GWP from 10.7 to 1.65 kg CO2 eq. Through the study, it is verified that hydrogenation conversion could be a bridge to green methanol until technological development of photocatalytic conversion, an acceleration to zero-emission.

AB - CO2-conversion technology provides both CO2 emission reduction and new value chains and is now becoming a key player in moderating global temperature increase. In this study, CO2-methanol synthesis processes are evaluated through life cycle assessment. Four conversion processes are selected to represent different technological readiness level (TRL) groups. Coal gasification and coking conversion process for high TRL while hydrogenation and photocatalytic conversion process represent mid and low TRL. Coal gasification conversion shows the highest global warming potential (GWP) with 17.7 kg CO2eq, followed by hydrogenation conversion, and coal coking conversion. Photocatalytic conversion showed the lowest GWP with 2.28 kg CO2 eq. The mid-to-low TRL conversion processes are analyzed by varying heat and electric sources. Through variation, feasibility of reducing CO2 emission to low-TRL level is confirmed. Although emission reduction sensitives upon energy sources are varied, hydrogenation conversion process reduced the GWP from 10.7 to 1.65 kg CO2 eq. Through the study, it is verified that hydrogenation conversion could be a bridge to green methanol until technological development of photocatalytic conversion, an acceleration to zero-emission.

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KW - Energy optimization

KW - Life cycle assessment

KW - Methanol production

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