Characteristics of modified single-defect two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers

Hong Gyu Park; Jeong Ki Hwang; Joon Huh; Han Youl Ryu; Se Heon Kim; Jeong Soo Kim; Yong Hee Lee

doi:10.1109/JQE.2002.802951

Characteristics of modified single-defect two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers

Hong Gyu Park, Jeong Ki Hwang, Joon Huh, Han Youl Ryu, Se Heon Kim, Jeong Soo Kim, Yong Hee Lee

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

171 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The resonant modes found in a modified single-defect two-dimensional photonic crystal slab structure are theoretically and experimentally studied. There exist several modes in the band gap: doubly degenerate (dipole and quadrupole modes) and nondegenerate (hexapole and monopole modes). Among them, the monopole mode specifically attracts our interest because of its nondegeneracy, good coupling with the gain medium, and existence of the intensity minimum at the center of the cavity, which would open up the chance for the electrically driven single-defect laser. The nondegenerate hexapole mode, a special type of whispering gallery mode, has a very high quality factor. We have fabricated two types of modified single-defect lasers, i.e., air-based free-standing and SiO₂-based epoxy-bonded structures. Rich lasing actions in both structures are experimentally observed under optically pulsed pumping conditions at room temperature. In the free-standing slab structure, photons are strongly confined in vertical direction, and the lasing operations of all resonant modes with low thresholds are obtained. Especially, the nondegenerate monopole-mode laser is confirmed to have a large spontaneous emission factor of >0.06, estimated by analyzing rate equations. In the SiO₂-based slab structure, thermal properties are improved at the expense of vertical losses.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1353-1365
Number of pages	13
Journal	IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
Volume	38
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/JQE.2002.802951
Publication status	Published - 2002 Oct
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Manuscript received March 18, 2002; revised July 8, 2002. This work was supported by the National Research Laboratory Project of Korea and the NICOP program of the Office of Naval Research. H.-G. Park, J. Huh, H.-Y. Ryu, S.-H. Kim, J.-S. Kim, and Y.-H. Lee are with the Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea. J.-K. Hwang is with the Networking Solution Division, Agilent Technologies, San Jose, CA 95131 USA. Publisher Item Identifier 10.1109/JQE.2002.802951.

Keywords

FDTD
InGaAsP-InP
Microcavity
Photonic band gap
Semiconductor laser
Spontaneous emission factor

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1109/JQE.2002.802951

Cite this

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title = "Characteristics of modified single-defect two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers",

abstract = "The resonant modes found in a modified single-defect two-dimensional photonic crystal slab structure are theoretically and experimentally studied. There exist several modes in the band gap: doubly degenerate (dipole and quadrupole modes) and nondegenerate (hexapole and monopole modes). Among them, the monopole mode specifically attracts our interest because of its nondegeneracy, good coupling with the gain medium, and existence of the intensity minimum at the center of the cavity, which would open up the chance for the electrically driven single-defect laser. The nondegenerate hexapole mode, a special type of whispering gallery mode, has a very high quality factor. We have fabricated two types of modified single-defect lasers, i.e., air-based free-standing and SiO2-based epoxy-bonded structures. Rich lasing actions in both structures are experimentally observed under optically pulsed pumping conditions at room temperature. In the free-standing slab structure, photons are strongly confined in vertical direction, and the lasing operations of all resonant modes with low thresholds are obtained. Especially, the nondegenerate monopole-mode laser is confirmed to have a large spontaneous emission factor of >0.06, estimated by analyzing rate equations. In the SiO2-based slab structure, thermal properties are improved at the expense of vertical losses.",

keywords = "FDTD, InGaAsP-InP, Microcavity, Photonic band gap, Semiconductor laser, Spontaneous emission factor",

author = "Park, {Hong Gyu} and Hwang, {Jeong Ki} and Joon Huh and Ryu, {Han Youl} and Kim, {Se Heon} and Kim, {Jeong Soo} and Lee, {Yong Hee}",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received March 18, 2002; revised July 8, 2002. This work was supported by the National Research Laboratory Project of Korea and the NICOP program of the Office of Naval Research. H.-G. Park, J. Huh, H.-Y. Ryu, S.-H. Kim, J.-S. Kim, and Y.-H. Lee are with the Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea. J.-K. Hwang is with the Networking Solution Division, Agilent Technologies, San Jose, CA 95131 USA. Publisher Item Identifier 10.1109/JQE.2002.802951.",

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AU - Hwang, Jeong Ki

AU - Huh, Joon

AU - Ryu, Han Youl

AU - Kim, Se Heon

AU - Kim, Jeong Soo

AU - Lee, Yong Hee

N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received March 18, 2002; revised July 8, 2002. This work was supported by the National Research Laboratory Project of Korea and the NICOP program of the Office of Naval Research. H.-G. Park, J. Huh, H.-Y. Ryu, S.-H. Kim, J.-S. Kim, and Y.-H. Lee are with the Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea. J.-K. Hwang is with the Networking Solution Division, Agilent Technologies, San Jose, CA 95131 USA. Publisher Item Identifier 10.1109/JQE.2002.802951.

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N2 - The resonant modes found in a modified single-defect two-dimensional photonic crystal slab structure are theoretically and experimentally studied. There exist several modes in the band gap: doubly degenerate (dipole and quadrupole modes) and nondegenerate (hexapole and monopole modes). Among them, the monopole mode specifically attracts our interest because of its nondegeneracy, good coupling with the gain medium, and existence of the intensity minimum at the center of the cavity, which would open up the chance for the electrically driven single-defect laser. The nondegenerate hexapole mode, a special type of whispering gallery mode, has a very high quality factor. We have fabricated two types of modified single-defect lasers, i.e., air-based free-standing and SiO2-based epoxy-bonded structures. Rich lasing actions in both structures are experimentally observed under optically pulsed pumping conditions at room temperature. In the free-standing slab structure, photons are strongly confined in vertical direction, and the lasing operations of all resonant modes with low thresholds are obtained. Especially, the nondegenerate monopole-mode laser is confirmed to have a large spontaneous emission factor of >0.06, estimated by analyzing rate equations. In the SiO2-based slab structure, thermal properties are improved at the expense of vertical losses.

AB - The resonant modes found in a modified single-defect two-dimensional photonic crystal slab structure are theoretically and experimentally studied. There exist several modes in the band gap: doubly degenerate (dipole and quadrupole modes) and nondegenerate (hexapole and monopole modes). Among them, the monopole mode specifically attracts our interest because of its nondegeneracy, good coupling with the gain medium, and existence of the intensity minimum at the center of the cavity, which would open up the chance for the electrically driven single-defect laser. The nondegenerate hexapole mode, a special type of whispering gallery mode, has a very high quality factor. We have fabricated two types of modified single-defect lasers, i.e., air-based free-standing and SiO2-based epoxy-bonded structures. Rich lasing actions in both structures are experimentally observed under optically pulsed pumping conditions at room temperature. In the free-standing slab structure, photons are strongly confined in vertical direction, and the lasing operations of all resonant modes with low thresholds are obtained. Especially, the nondegenerate monopole-mode laser is confirmed to have a large spontaneous emission factor of >0.06, estimated by analyzing rate equations. In the SiO2-based slab structure, thermal properties are improved at the expense of vertical losses.

KW - FDTD

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KW - Photonic band gap

KW - Semiconductor laser

KW - Spontaneous emission factor

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SN - 0018-9197

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JF - IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

IS - 10

ER -

Characteristics of modified single-defect two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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