Characteristics of PM2.5 Composition and Precursor Gases in Urban Seoul during 2021~2022

Hyunmin Lee; Junsu Gil; Meehye Lee

doi:10.5572/KOSAE.2023.39.4.525

Characteristics of PM_2.5 Composition and Precursor Gases in Urban Seoul during 2021~2022

Hyunmin Lee
, Junsu Gil
, Meehye Lee^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this study, the secondary inorganic ions including NO₃^-, SO₄^2-, and NH₄⁺, and the precursor gases including NH₃ were measured every hour using the Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in ambient Air (MARGA) in urban Seoul from May 2021 to November 2022, and examined their monthly distributions and characteristic relationship between PM_2.5 composition and precursor gases. PM_2.5 and particulate nitrate concentrations were highest in the late fall and lowest in the summer. While NO₂ and SO₂ were higher in the cold months than in the warm months, NH₃ showed the opposite tendency, except for November 2022. Nitrate oxidation ratio (NOR) was lower than 0.1, which is even lower than those of Chinese cities, which is indicative of the nonlinear nature of the nitrate formation processes. The monthly analysis of neutralization factor (f_N), reveals that NH₄⁺ was sufficient to neutralize SO₄^2- and NO3^-.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	525-534
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
Volume	39
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2023.39.4.525
Publication status	Published - 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment

Keywords

MARGA
Neutralization factor
Nitrate oxidation ratio
PM2.5 composition
Particulate nitrate

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Engineering
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
Pollution

Access to Document

10.5572/KOSAE.2023.39.4.525

Cite this

@article{aef508a90aed474098f22d178a0292b8,

title = "Characteristics of PM2.5 Composition and Precursor Gases in Urban Seoul during 2021\textasciitilde{}2022",

abstract = "In this study, the secondary inorganic ions including NO3-, SO42-, and NH4+, and the precursor gases including NH3 were measured every hour using the Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in ambient Air (MARGA) in urban Seoul from May 2021 to November 2022, and examined their monthly distributions and characteristic relationship between PM2.5 composition and precursor gases. PM2.5 and particulate nitrate concentrations were highest in the late fall and lowest in the summer. While NO2 and SO2 were higher in the cold months than in the warm months, NH3 showed the opposite tendency, except for November 2022. Nitrate oxidation ratio (NOR) was lower than 0.1, which is even lower than those of Chinese cities, which is indicative of the nonlinear nature of the nitrate formation processes. The monthly analysis of neutralization factor (fN), reveals that NH4+ was sufficient to neutralize SO42- and NO3-.",

keywords = "MARGA, Neutralization factor, Nitrate oxidation ratio, PM2.5 composition, Particulate nitrate",

author = "Hyunmin Lee and Junsu Gil and Meehye Lee",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.5572/KOSAE.2023.39.4.525",

language = "English",

volume = "39",

pages = "525--534",

journal = "Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment",

issn = "1598-7132",

publisher = "Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Characteristics of PM2.5 Composition and Precursor Gases in Urban Seoul during 2021~2022

AU - Lee, Hyunmin

AU - Gil, Junsu

AU - Lee, Meehye

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - In this study, the secondary inorganic ions including NO3-, SO42-, and NH4+, and the precursor gases including NH3 were measured every hour using the Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in ambient Air (MARGA) in urban Seoul from May 2021 to November 2022, and examined their monthly distributions and characteristic relationship between PM2.5 composition and precursor gases. PM2.5 and particulate nitrate concentrations were highest in the late fall and lowest in the summer. While NO2 and SO2 were higher in the cold months than in the warm months, NH3 showed the opposite tendency, except for November 2022. Nitrate oxidation ratio (NOR) was lower than 0.1, which is even lower than those of Chinese cities, which is indicative of the nonlinear nature of the nitrate formation processes. The monthly analysis of neutralization factor (fN), reveals that NH4+ was sufficient to neutralize SO42- and NO3-.

AB - In this study, the secondary inorganic ions including NO3-, SO42-, and NH4+, and the precursor gases including NH3 were measured every hour using the Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in ambient Air (MARGA) in urban Seoul from May 2021 to November 2022, and examined their monthly distributions and characteristic relationship between PM2.5 composition and precursor gases. PM2.5 and particulate nitrate concentrations were highest in the late fall and lowest in the summer. While NO2 and SO2 were higher in the cold months than in the warm months, NH3 showed the opposite tendency, except for November 2022. Nitrate oxidation ratio (NOR) was lower than 0.1, which is even lower than those of Chinese cities, which is indicative of the nonlinear nature of the nitrate formation processes. The monthly analysis of neutralization factor (fN), reveals that NH4+ was sufficient to neutralize SO42- and NO3-.

KW - MARGA

KW - Neutralization factor

KW - Nitrate oxidation ratio

KW - PM2.5 composition

KW - Particulate nitrate

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85171283869

U2 - 10.5572/KOSAE.2023.39.4.525

DO - 10.5572/KOSAE.2023.39.4.525

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85171283869

SN - 1598-7132

VL - 39

SP - 525

EP - 534

JO - Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment

JF - Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment

IS - 4

ER -