Characterization and preparation of bio-tubular scaffolds for fabricating artificial vascular grafts by combining electrospinning and a co-culture system

Boram Lee, Muhammad Shafiq, Youngmee Jung, Jong Chul Park, Soo Hyun Kim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Tissue-engineered vascular scaffolds provide a promising solution for the replacement of diseased vascular structures. However, a major challenge lies in enhancing endothelialization, host cell ingrowth, and angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of developing a bio-tubular scaffold from human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) co-cultured on electrospun poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) membranes to address these issues. Confluent layers of HDFs stimulated the organization of HUVECs into capillary-like networks in an indirect contact (two-dimensional) co-culture on membranes. Bio-tubular scaffolds fabricated from co-cultured membranes were either grown statically in vitro or implanted subcutaneously in severe combined immunodeficient mice for up to 4 weeks for biocompatibility evaluation and functional performance. In vitro examination of co-cultures on scaffolds showed collagen remodeling and an improvement in biomechanical properties up to day 14. Morphological analysis of in vitro grown bio-tubular scaffolds revealed good attachment and growth of both cell types. After one month, co-cultured scaffolds in vivo showed higher infiltration of host cells and collagen remodeling as compared to the HDF-seeded grafts. After 4 weeks, thin continuous layers of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were formed as shown by staining with an antibody specific for CD31and α-actin (α-SMA). On the contrary, HDF-seeded scaffolds remained free of α-SMA-positive cells at all time points, whereas few CD31+ cells appeared after 4 weeks. Thus, co-cultured membranes provide a solution for enhancing endothelialization, tissue regeneration, and growth in bio-tubular scaffolds and may have broader applications in regenerative medicine.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)131-142
Number of pages12
JournalMacromolecular Research
Volume24
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2016 Feb 1

Keywords

  • PLCL
  • angiogenesis
  • electrospinning
  • endothelial cells
  • vascular scaffolds

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Chemical Engineering(all)
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Polymers and Plastics
  • Materials Chemistry

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