@article{b04d17c85e3f40d7b8c006c69c49acae,
title = "Characterization of submicron aerosols over the Yellow Sea measured onboard the Gisang 1 research vessel in the spring of 2018 and 2019",
abstract = "The physico-chemical properties of submicron aerosols were measured in the spring of 2018 and 2019 over the Yellow Sea onboard the Gisang 1 research vessel. Aerosol number concentrations in 2019 were slightly higher than those in 2018, and the mean number concentrations of particles larger than 10 nm and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) at 0.6% supersaturation (S) in spring 2019 were 7312 ± 3807 cm−3 and 4816 ± 1692 cm−3, respectively. Aerosol concentrations in June were lower than those in April and May, which was considered to be due to the East Asian summer monsoon. Aerosol number concentrations and size distributions were significantly influenced by meteorological conditions, such as wind and relative humidity. Aitken and accumulation mode particles dominated the aerosol number size distributions over the Yellow Sea. A distinct new particle formation (NPF) and growth event was observed, the spatial extent of which was estimated to cover at least 200 km × 400 km of the Yellow Sea. The general characteristics of NPF and growth over the Yellow Sea were similar to those in rural areas. Aerosol number concentrations below 1000 cm−3 were recorded on extremely clean days. A CCN closure experiment conducted using previous measurement data showed good results, indicating that CCN concentrations can be estimated with good accuracy, and the hygroscopicity over the Yellow Sea was similar to that of aged continental aerosols.",
keywords = "Aerosol size distribution, CCN closure, Gisang 1, New particle formation, Ship measurement, Yellow sea",
author = "Minsu Park and Yum, {Seong Soo} and Najin Kim and Minju Jeong and Yoo, {Hee Jung} and Kim, {Jeong Eun} and Joonhyoung Park and Meehye Lee and Minyoung Sung and Joonyoung Ahn",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2021R1A2B5B02002458 ), the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program “ Development of Asian Dust and Haze Monitoring and Prediction Technology ” under Grant ( KMA2018-00521 ), and a grant from the National Institute of Environment Research (NIER) , funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea ( NIER-2020-01-01-010 ). The authors are grateful to the National Institute of Meteorological Sciences for the support of the Gisang 1 research vessel and its crew members. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory ( ARL ) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY website ( http://www.ready.noaa.gov ) used in this publication. Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2021R1A2B5B02002458), the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program “Development of Asian Dust and Haze Monitoring and Prediction Technology” under Grant (KMA2018-00521), and a grant from the National Institute of Environment Research (NIER), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIER-2020-01-01-010). The authors are grateful to the National Institute of Meteorological Sciences for the support of the Gisang 1 research vessel and its crew members. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY website (http://www.ready.noaa.gov) used in this publication. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2021",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117180",
language = "English",
volume = "284",
journal = "Environmental Pollution",
issn = "0269-7491",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
}