TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of the Shank family of synaptic proteins. Multiple genes, alternative splicing, and differential expression in brain and development
AU - Lim, Sangmi
AU - Naisbitt, Scott
AU - Yoon, Jiyoung
AU - Hwang, Jong Ik
AU - Suh, Pann Ghill
AU - Sheng, Morgan
AU - Eunjoon, Kim
PY - 1999/10/8
Y1 - 1999/10/8
N2 - Shank1, Shank2, and Shank3 constitute a family of proteins that may function as molecular scaffolds in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Shank directly interacts with GKAP and Homer, thus potentially bridging the N- methyl-D-aspartate receptor-PSD-95-GKAP complex and the mGluR-Homer complex in synapses (Naisbitt, S., Kim, E., Tu, J. C., Xiao, B., Sala, S., Valtschanoff, J., Weinberg, R. J., Worley, P. F., and Sheng, M. (1999) Neuron 23, 569-582; Tu, J. C., Xiao, B., Naisbitt, S., Yuan, J.P., Petralia, R. S., Brakeman, P., Doan, A., Aakalu, V. K, Lanahan, A. A., Sheng, M., and Worley, P. F. (1999) Neuron 23, 583-592). Shank contains multiple domains for protein-protein interaction including ankyrin repeats, an SH3 domain, a PSD- 95/Dlg/ZO-1 domain, a sterile α motif domain, and a proline-rich region. By characterizing Shank cDNA clones and RT-PCR products, we found that there are four sites for alternative splicing in Shank1 and another four sites in Shank2, some of which result in deletion of specific domains of the Shank protein. In addition, the expression of the splice variants is differentially regulated in different regions of rat brain during development. Immunoblot analysis of Shank proteins in rat brain using five different Shank antibodies reveals marked heterogeneity in size (120-240 kDa) and differential spatiotemporal expression. Shank1 immunoreactivity is concentrated at excitatory synaptic sites in adult brain, and the punctate staining of Shank1 is seen in developing rat brains as early as postnatal day 7. These results suggest that alternative splicing in the Shank family may be a mechanism that regulates the molecular structure of Shank and the spectrum of Shank- interacting proteins in the PSDs of adult and developing brain.
AB - Shank1, Shank2, and Shank3 constitute a family of proteins that may function as molecular scaffolds in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Shank directly interacts with GKAP and Homer, thus potentially bridging the N- methyl-D-aspartate receptor-PSD-95-GKAP complex and the mGluR-Homer complex in synapses (Naisbitt, S., Kim, E., Tu, J. C., Xiao, B., Sala, S., Valtschanoff, J., Weinberg, R. J., Worley, P. F., and Sheng, M. (1999) Neuron 23, 569-582; Tu, J. C., Xiao, B., Naisbitt, S., Yuan, J.P., Petralia, R. S., Brakeman, P., Doan, A., Aakalu, V. K, Lanahan, A. A., Sheng, M., and Worley, P. F. (1999) Neuron 23, 583-592). Shank contains multiple domains for protein-protein interaction including ankyrin repeats, an SH3 domain, a PSD- 95/Dlg/ZO-1 domain, a sterile α motif domain, and a proline-rich region. By characterizing Shank cDNA clones and RT-PCR products, we found that there are four sites for alternative splicing in Shank1 and another four sites in Shank2, some of which result in deletion of specific domains of the Shank protein. In addition, the expression of the splice variants is differentially regulated in different regions of rat brain during development. Immunoblot analysis of Shank proteins in rat brain using five different Shank antibodies reveals marked heterogeneity in size (120-240 kDa) and differential spatiotemporal expression. Shank1 immunoreactivity is concentrated at excitatory synaptic sites in adult brain, and the punctate staining of Shank1 is seen in developing rat brains as early as postnatal day 7. These results suggest that alternative splicing in the Shank family may be a mechanism that regulates the molecular structure of Shank and the spectrum of Shank- interacting proteins in the PSDs of adult and developing brain.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032830935&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1074/jbc.274.41.29510
DO - 10.1074/jbc.274.41.29510
M3 - Article
C2 - 10506216
AN - SCOPUS:0032830935
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 274
SP - 29510
EP - 29518
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 41
ER -