TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical extractability of As and Pb from soils across long-term abandoned metallic mine sites in Korea and their phytoavailability assessed by Brassica juncea
AU - Han, Junho
AU - Kim, Juhee
AU - Kim, Minhee
AU - Moon, Deok Hyun
AU - Sung, Jung Suk
AU - Hyun, Seunghun
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was in part supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2009010) and in part supported by a Korea University Grant.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
PY - 2014/1
Y1 - 2014/1
N2 - The chemical extractability of As and Pb (by 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1 M HCl, 0.05 M NH4 (H2PO4), and aqua regia) from soils and their phytoavailability (by Brassica juncea) were assessed using 16 soil samples collected as a function of distance from mine pits across three long-term abandoned metallic mine sites. The total concentrations of As and Pb (17–41,000 and 27–10,047 mg kg−1, respectively) decreased with increasing separation distance from the mine pits along a declining slope. However, the percentage of chemically leachable As and Pb mass (e.g., by 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1 M HCl, or 0.05 M NH4(H2PO4)) relative to total mass (e.g., by aqua regia) tended to increase exponentially with distance, indicating more chemically labile fractions present in less contaminated downgradient soils. Among soil components, extractable As concentrations were best described by coupling DCB-Al with other Al and Fe oxides. For Pb concentration, pH coupled to DCB-Al or Ox-Al provided a good predictive relationship. The inhibitory growth and uptake by plants were best correlated with the extractable concentrations by 5 mM CaCl2 and 0.1 M HCl. In conclusion, the chemical extractability and phytoavailability of As and Pb are highly influenced by the relative labile fraction in abandoned mine soils, and its distribution in soils is essentially correlated with sampling distance from mine pits.
AB - The chemical extractability of As and Pb (by 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1 M HCl, 0.05 M NH4 (H2PO4), and aqua regia) from soils and their phytoavailability (by Brassica juncea) were assessed using 16 soil samples collected as a function of distance from mine pits across three long-term abandoned metallic mine sites. The total concentrations of As and Pb (17–41,000 and 27–10,047 mg kg−1, respectively) decreased with increasing separation distance from the mine pits along a declining slope. However, the percentage of chemically leachable As and Pb mass (e.g., by 5 mM CaCl2, 0.1 M HCl, or 0.05 M NH4(H2PO4)) relative to total mass (e.g., by aqua regia) tended to increase exponentially with distance, indicating more chemically labile fractions present in less contaminated downgradient soils. Among soil components, extractable As concentrations were best described by coupling DCB-Al with other Al and Fe oxides. For Pb concentration, pH coupled to DCB-Al or Ox-Al provided a good predictive relationship. The inhibitory growth and uptake by plants were best correlated with the extractable concentrations by 5 mM CaCl2 and 0.1 M HCl. In conclusion, the chemical extractability and phytoavailability of As and Pb are highly influenced by the relative labile fraction in abandoned mine soils, and its distribution in soils is essentially correlated with sampling distance from mine pits.
KW - Abandoned mine soils
KW - Chemical extractability
KW - Heavy metals
KW - Phytoavailability
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84939892343&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11356-014-3441-3
DO - 10.1007/s11356-014-3441-3
M3 - Article
C2 - 25138557
AN - SCOPUS:84939892343
SN - 0944-1344
VL - 22
SP - 1270
EP - 1278
JO - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
IS - 2
ER -