Comparative evaluation of microbial diversity and metabolite profiles in doenjang, a fermented soybean paste, during the two different industrial manufacturing processes

Sunmin Lee, Sarah Lee, Digar Singh, Ji Young Oh, Eun Jung Jeon, Hyung Seo K. Ryu, Dong Wan Lee, Beom Seok Kim, Choong Hwan Lee

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    105 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Two different doenjang manufacturing processes, the industrial process (IP) and the modified industrial process (mIP) with specific microbial assortments, were subjected to metabolite profiling using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). The multivariate analyses indicated that both primary and secondary metabolites exhibited distinct patterns according to the fermentation processes (IP and mIP). Microbial community analysis for doenjang using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), exhibited that both bacteria and fungi contributed proportionally for each step in the process viz., soybean, steaming, drying, meju fermentation, cooling, brining, and aging. Further, correlation analysis indicated that Aspergillus population was linked to sugar metabolism, Bacillus spp. with that of fatty acids, whereas Tetragenococcus and Zygosaccharomyces were found associated with amino acids. These results suggest that the components and quality of doenjang are critically influenced by the microbial assortments in each process.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1578-1586
    Number of pages9
    JournalFood Chemistry
    Volume221
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2017 Apr 15

    Bibliographical note

    Funding Information:
    This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP) (No. NRF-2014R1A2A1A11050884) and by the Strategic Initiative for Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea (as part of the (multi-ministerial) Genome Technology to Business Translation Program) (grant number 916005-2).

    Publisher Copyright:
    © 2016 Elsevier Ltd

    Copyright:
    Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

    Keywords

    • Doenjang
    • GC-TOF-MS
    • LC-MS
    • Metabolite profiling
    • Microbial diversity

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Food Science

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