Controllable synthesis of single crystalline Sn-based oxides and their application in perovskite solar cells

Eun Joo Yeom; Seong Sik Shin; Woon Seok Yang; Seon Joo Lee; Wenping Yin; Dasom Kim; Jun Hong Noh; Tae Kyu Ahn; Sang Il Seok

doi:10.1039/C6TA08565B

Controllable synthesis of single crystalline Sn-based oxides and their application in perovskite solar cells

Eun Joo Yeom, Seong Sik Shin, Woon Seok Yang, Seon Joo Lee, Wenping Yin, Dasom Kim, Jun Hong Noh, Tae Kyu Ahn, Sang Il Seok

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

41 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We synthesized single-crystalline Sn-based oxides for use as electron-transporting layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The control of the Zn-to-Sn cation ratio (Zn/Sn = 0-2) in a fixed concentration of hydrazine solution leads to the formation of various types of Sn-based oxides, i.e., spherical SnO₂ and Zn₂SnO₄ nanoparticles (NPs), SnO₂ nanorods, and Zn₂SnO₄ nanocubes. In particular, a ratio of Zn/Sn = 1 results in nanocomposites of single-crystalline SnO₂ nanorods and Zn₂SnO₄ nanocubes. This is related to the concentration of free hydrazine unreacted with Zn and Sn ions in the reaction solution, because the resulting OH⁻ concentration affects the growth rate of intermediate phases such as ZnSn(OH)₆, Zn(OH)₄²⁻ and Sn(OH)₆²⁻. Additionally, we propose plausible pathways for the formation of Sn-based oxides in hydrazine solution. The Sn-based oxides are applied as ETLs and annealed at a low temperature below 150 °C in PSCs. The PSCs fabricated by using the nanocomposite ETLs consisting of single-crystalline SnO₂ nanorods and Zn₂SnO₄ nanocubes exhibit superior device performance to TiO₂-based PSCs due to their excellent charge collection ability and optical properties, achieving a power conversion efficiency of ≥17%.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	79-86
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of Materials Chemistry A
Volume	5
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA08565B
Publication status	Published - 2017
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea under contract number. NRF-2011-0031565 (Global Frontier R&D Program for Multiscale Energy System), and NRF-2015M1A2A2056542 (climate change program), and NRF-2016R1A5A1009926 (Wearable platform Materials Technology Center: ERC program). This work was also supported by the KRICT-SKKU DRC program.

Publisher Copyright:
© The Royal Society of Chemistry.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Materials Science(all)

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This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1039/C6TA08565B

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@article{2a4e6a525357473395267b6671eb1570,

title = "Controllable synthesis of single crystalline Sn-based oxides and their application in perovskite solar cells",

abstract = "We synthesized single-crystalline Sn-based oxides for use as electron-transporting layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The control of the Zn-to-Sn cation ratio (Zn/Sn = 0-2) in a fixed concentration of hydrazine solution leads to the formation of various types of Sn-based oxides, i.e., spherical SnO2 and Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles (NPs), SnO2 nanorods, and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes. In particular, a ratio of Zn/Sn = 1 results in nanocomposites of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes. This is related to the concentration of free hydrazine unreacted with Zn and Sn ions in the reaction solution, because the resulting OH− concentration affects the growth rate of intermediate phases such as ZnSn(OH)6, Zn(OH)42− and Sn(OH)62−. Additionally, we propose plausible pathways for the formation of Sn-based oxides in hydrazine solution. The Sn-based oxides are applied as ETLs and annealed at a low temperature below 150 °C in PSCs. The PSCs fabricated by using the nanocomposite ETLs consisting of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes exhibit superior device performance to TiO2-based PSCs due to their excellent charge collection ability and optical properties, achieving a power conversion efficiency of ≥17%.",

author = "Yeom, {Eun Joo} and Shin, {Seong Sik} and Yang, {Woon Seok} and Lee, {Seon Joo} and Wenping Yin and Dasom Kim and Noh, {Jun Hong} and Ahn, {Tae Kyu} and Seok, {Sang Il}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea under contract number. NRF-2011-0031565 (Global Frontier R&D Program for Multiscale Energy System), and NRF-2015M1A2A2056542 (climate change program), and NRF-2016R1A5A1009926 (Wearable platform Materials Technology Center: ERC program). This work was also supported by the KRICT-SKKU DRC program. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Royal Society of Chemistry.",

year = "2017",

doi = "10.1039/C6TA08565B",

language = "English",

volume = "5",

pages = "79--86",

journal = "Journal of Materials Chemistry A",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Controllable synthesis of single crystalline Sn-based oxides and their application in perovskite solar cells

AU - Yeom, Eun Joo

AU - Shin, Seong Sik

AU - Yang, Woon Seok

AU - Lee, Seon Joo

AU - Yin, Wenping

AU - Kim, Dasom

AU - Noh, Jun Hong

AU - Ahn, Tae Kyu

AU - Seok, Sang Il

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea under contract number. NRF-2011-0031565 (Global Frontier R&D Program for Multiscale Energy System), and NRF-2015M1A2A2056542 (climate change program), and NRF-2016R1A5A1009926 (Wearable platform Materials Technology Center: ERC program). This work was also supported by the KRICT-SKKU DRC program. Publisher Copyright: © The Royal Society of Chemistry.

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - We synthesized single-crystalline Sn-based oxides for use as electron-transporting layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The control of the Zn-to-Sn cation ratio (Zn/Sn = 0-2) in a fixed concentration of hydrazine solution leads to the formation of various types of Sn-based oxides, i.e., spherical SnO2 and Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles (NPs), SnO2 nanorods, and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes. In particular, a ratio of Zn/Sn = 1 results in nanocomposites of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes. This is related to the concentration of free hydrazine unreacted with Zn and Sn ions in the reaction solution, because the resulting OH− concentration affects the growth rate of intermediate phases such as ZnSn(OH)6, Zn(OH)42− and Sn(OH)62−. Additionally, we propose plausible pathways for the formation of Sn-based oxides in hydrazine solution. The Sn-based oxides are applied as ETLs and annealed at a low temperature below 150 °C in PSCs. The PSCs fabricated by using the nanocomposite ETLs consisting of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes exhibit superior device performance to TiO2-based PSCs due to their excellent charge collection ability and optical properties, achieving a power conversion efficiency of ≥17%.

AB - We synthesized single-crystalline Sn-based oxides for use as electron-transporting layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The control of the Zn-to-Sn cation ratio (Zn/Sn = 0-2) in a fixed concentration of hydrazine solution leads to the formation of various types of Sn-based oxides, i.e., spherical SnO2 and Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles (NPs), SnO2 nanorods, and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes. In particular, a ratio of Zn/Sn = 1 results in nanocomposites of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes. This is related to the concentration of free hydrazine unreacted with Zn and Sn ions in the reaction solution, because the resulting OH− concentration affects the growth rate of intermediate phases such as ZnSn(OH)6, Zn(OH)42− and Sn(OH)62−. Additionally, we propose plausible pathways for the formation of Sn-based oxides in hydrazine solution. The Sn-based oxides are applied as ETLs and annealed at a low temperature below 150 °C in PSCs. The PSCs fabricated by using the nanocomposite ETLs consisting of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes exhibit superior device performance to TiO2-based PSCs due to their excellent charge collection ability and optical properties, achieving a power conversion efficiency of ≥17%.

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U2 - 10.1039/C6TA08565B

DO - 10.1039/C6TA08565B

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85006874595

SN - 2050-7488

VL - 5

SP - 79

EP - 86

JO - Journal of Materials Chemistry A

JF - Journal of Materials Chemistry A

IS - 1

ER -

Controllable synthesis of single crystalline Sn-based oxides and their application in perovskite solar cells

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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UN SDGs

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