Copolymerization of zwitterionic carboxybetaine and various hydrophobic groups to optimize antifouling and biocompatible properties

Zwitterionic polymers including carboxybetaine derivatives are widely utilized as biocompatible antifouling materials in the way of copolymerization for the enhanced functionality. The aim of this study was to optimize the structure of copolymer in order to present a versatile antifouling property against both polar and nonpolar foulants as well as biocompatibility. Copolymers of zwitterionic carboxybetaine and several hydrophobic monomers were synthesized and coated on the glass substrate by a simple dip-coating method. The antifouling performance against polar and nonpolar foulants, adhesion property of cells and platelets on the coated surfaces were investigated. The optimal copolymer-coated surface with low fouling and fewer thrombotic events was shown to be a carboxybetaine copolymer in combination with the trimethylsiloxy group. This result suggests that elaborate copolymerization makes it possible to create a versatile antifouling surface using a simple and practical method without compromising the functionality of each monomer.