TY - JOUR
T1 - Determination of Paronychiurus kimi (Collembola
T2 - Onychiuridae) age structures by head width measurements with reference to cadmium toxicity
AU - Son, Jino
AU - Mo, Hyoung ho
AU - Yang, Nan Hee
AU - Shin, Key Il
AU - Cho, Kijong
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was financially supported, in part, by the Korea Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (No. 2008-09001-0043-0), by the Seoul Metropolitan Student Fellowship awarded to Son and by Forest Science & Technology Projects (No. S10107L0201004). Special thank is warranted to Dr. J.A. Logan (Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service) who kindly provided H CAP program for this study.
PY - 2009/9
Y1 - 2009/9
N2 - The age structure of Paronychiurus kimi (Lee) was determined by analysis of the head capsule width distribution using a HCAP program. The HCAP program successfully separated five distinct peaks, which represented a single age group, with a low misclassification probability of 0.1. The mean head capsule widths for each age group were 0.123, 0.165, 0.258, 0.304 and 0.350 mm, respectively. The age groups of P. kimi could be subdivided into two postembryonic developmental stages, the juvenile stage (groups 1 and 2) and adult stage (groups 3-5), on the basis of stage at first reproduction of P. kimi. Based on this information, we examined the chronic effect of cadmium on the age structure of P. kimi. After 28-day chronic exposure to various cadmium concentrations, the total number of P. kimi individuals decreased in a concentration dependent manner. The proportions of the juvenile and adult stages to the total number of individuals in the cadmium treated soils were significantly different from those in the control. In addition, the overall proportions of age structures were affected by cadmium treatment. These results indicate that head capsule measurements can be used to determine the age group of P. kimi and chronic exposure of cadmium to P. kimi at the individual level may be translated and manifested at the population level, by changing the age structures of P. kimi populations.
AB - The age structure of Paronychiurus kimi (Lee) was determined by analysis of the head capsule width distribution using a HCAP program. The HCAP program successfully separated five distinct peaks, which represented a single age group, with a low misclassification probability of 0.1. The mean head capsule widths for each age group were 0.123, 0.165, 0.258, 0.304 and 0.350 mm, respectively. The age groups of P. kimi could be subdivided into two postembryonic developmental stages, the juvenile stage (groups 1 and 2) and adult stage (groups 3-5), on the basis of stage at first reproduction of P. kimi. Based on this information, we examined the chronic effect of cadmium on the age structure of P. kimi. After 28-day chronic exposure to various cadmium concentrations, the total number of P. kimi individuals decreased in a concentration dependent manner. The proportions of the juvenile and adult stages to the total number of individuals in the cadmium treated soils were significantly different from those in the control. In addition, the overall proportions of age structures were affected by cadmium treatment. These results indicate that head capsule measurements can be used to determine the age group of P. kimi and chronic exposure of cadmium to P. kimi at the individual level may be translated and manifested at the population level, by changing the age structures of P. kimi populations.
KW - Age structure
KW - Cadmium
KW - H
KW - Head capsule width
KW - Paronychiurus kimi
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=70149111252&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.013
DO - 10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.05.013
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:70149111252
SN - 0929-1393
VL - 43
SP - 47
EP - 52
JO - Applied Soil Ecology
JF - Applied Soil Ecology
IS - 1
ER -