Development and validation of the information security attitude questionnaire (ISA-Q) for nurses

Aim: The aim of the study was to understand nurses' information security attitudes towards patient information. This study developed the Information Security Attitude Questionnaire (ISA-Q) to measure the physical, technical and administrative aspects of information security for nurses and assessed its validity and reliability. Design: Cross-sectional study and scale development. Methods: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and correlation analyses were performed to assess construct, discriminant and convergent validity; Cronbach's α and test–retest reliability were examined. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded a 6-factor, 30-item solution. Six factors accounted for 60.19% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis was achieved through structural equation modelling. Discriminant and convergent validity were confirmed. The internal consistency of the ISA-Q was 0.94, and the test–retest reliability was 0.74. The ISA-Q is an appropriate questionnaire for identifying information security attitudes of nurses, making it useful for developing systematic performance methods to enhance nurses' information security levels.