Effect of dental implant materials on the extracellular matrix formation and cellular adhesion in MG-63 cells

Surface characteristics of various metallic implant materials has been known that influence the growth and healing in the implant-transplanted tissues. In recent years, the use of metallic implant materials was increased for the functional and structural recovery in damaged tissues. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the dental implant material on cell proliferation and attachment. In addition, we have examined the mechanism of cell adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation of implant materials. The MG-63 cells were cultured on three different implant materials such as titanium (Ti), hydroxyapatite coated titanium (HA) and zirconia (Zr). We found that cell proliferation on the rough surface of HA and Zr was higher than on the smooth surface. Also, mRNA and protein expression of ECM-related molecules, including collagen-1, elastin and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) was higher in cells cultured on HA and Zr than in those on Ti. Further, phosphorylation of Smad3 and p38 MAPK was increased in cultured cells on HA and Zr. Thus, our data suggest that an important determinant of cell growth and adhesion is the suorographi thographicrface morphology of the implant material.