Effects of types of drying control chemical additives on the morphologies and electrochemical properties of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ anode powders prepared by spray pyrolysis

The various types of drying control chemical additives are applied to control the morphological and electrochemical characteristics of the Li ₄Ti₅O₁₂ powders prepared by spray pyrolysis. The Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ powders obtained from the spray solutions with formamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylacetamide and 1,4-dioxane have dense structures and fine sizes. On the other hand, the Li ₄Ti₅O₁₂ powders obtained from the spray solution with glycerol have hollow structure and large size. The Li ₄Ti₅O₁₂ powders obtained from the spray solutions with formamide, N,N-dimethylformamide and 1,4-dioxane have high initial discharge capacities of 167, 166 and 163 mAh/g at a constant current density of 0.1 C. The discharge capacity of the Li₄Ti ₅O₁₂ powders obtained from the spray solution with formamide is 95% of the initial discharge capacity after 60 cycles.