TY - JOUR
T1 - Estimating microplastic-bound intake of hydrophobic organic chemicals by fish using measured desorption rates to artificial gut fluid
AU - Lee, Hwang
AU - Lee, Hyun Jeoung
AU - Kwon, Jung Hwan
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Drs. Sang Hee Hong and Won Joon Shim for reviewing the manuscript. This research was partly supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), grant No. 2015R1A2A04003958 , and by the research project entitled “Environmental Risk Assessment of Microplastics in the Marine Environment” from the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries , Korea.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
PY - 2019/2/15
Y1 - 2019/2/15
N2 - One of the most important concerns about marine microplastics is their role in delivery of chemical contaminants to biota. The contribution of microplastic ingestion to the overall uptake of five hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) [α-, β-, and γ-hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), and hexachlorobenzene (HeCB)] by fish is evaluated in this study. Partition coefficients of all five HOCs between surfactant micelles and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), as well as between protein and SIF, were experimentally determined. Desorption of model HOCs from a polyethylene film into an artificial gut solution was measured to estimate the fraction of HOCs that can be absorbed from microplastics during their gut retention time. Monte-Carlo simulation (n = 100,000) showed that the uptake via microplastic ingestion will be negligible for HCHs as compared to uptake via other exposure routes, water ventilation and food ingestion. On the other hand, microplastic ingestion might increase the total uptake rate of PeCB and HeCB due to their accelerated desorption from microplastics into the artificial gut solution under the model scenario, assuming an extremely high intake of microplastics. However, the steady-state bioaccumulation factor was predicted to decrease with increasing ingestion of microplastics, showing a dilution effect by microplastic ingestion. Results indicate that HOCs that are close to be at phase equilibrium between microplastics and environmental media are not likely to be further accumulated via ingestion of microplastics; this is true even for cases, where ingestion of microplastics contributes significantly to the total uptake of HOCs. Therefore, future studies need to focus on hydrophobic plastic additives that may exist in microplastics at a concentration higher than their equilibrium concentration with water.
AB - One of the most important concerns about marine microplastics is their role in delivery of chemical contaminants to biota. The contribution of microplastic ingestion to the overall uptake of five hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) [α-, β-, and γ-hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), and hexachlorobenzene (HeCB)] by fish is evaluated in this study. Partition coefficients of all five HOCs between surfactant micelles and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), as well as between protein and SIF, were experimentally determined. Desorption of model HOCs from a polyethylene film into an artificial gut solution was measured to estimate the fraction of HOCs that can be absorbed from microplastics during their gut retention time. Monte-Carlo simulation (n = 100,000) showed that the uptake via microplastic ingestion will be negligible for HCHs as compared to uptake via other exposure routes, water ventilation and food ingestion. On the other hand, microplastic ingestion might increase the total uptake rate of PeCB and HeCB due to their accelerated desorption from microplastics into the artificial gut solution under the model scenario, assuming an extremely high intake of microplastics. However, the steady-state bioaccumulation factor was predicted to decrease with increasing ingestion of microplastics, showing a dilution effect by microplastic ingestion. Results indicate that HOCs that are close to be at phase equilibrium between microplastics and environmental media are not likely to be further accumulated via ingestion of microplastics; this is true even for cases, where ingestion of microplastics contributes significantly to the total uptake of HOCs. Therefore, future studies need to focus on hydrophobic plastic additives that may exist in microplastics at a concentration higher than their equilibrium concentration with water.
KW - Additives
KW - Bioaccumulation
KW - Diffusion
KW - Hydrophobic organic chemicals
KW - Microplastics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85053302002&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.068
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.068
M3 - Article
C2 - 30227286
AN - SCOPUS:85053302002
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 651
SP - 162
EP - 170
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
ER -