TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of anode materials in sonoelectrochemistry processes
T2 - Kinetic, mechanism, and cost estimation
AU - Zhou, Yongyue
AU - Cui, Mingcan
AU - Ren, Yangmin
AU - Lee, Yonghyeon
AU - Ma, Junjun
AU - Han, Zhengchang
AU - Khim, Jeehyeong
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (No. 2019R1A2C2087439 ) and the Korean Ministry of the Environment Subsurface Environment Management (SEM) project (No. 2019002480001 and 2021002170003 ) and Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science project (No. BZ2021026 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - Eco-friendly pollutant treatment technology has a developing tendency in future. The combination of ultrasound (US) and electrochemical (EC) is a promising technology, because they are efficient, clean and environmentally friendly. In this study, the impacts of anode material have been investigated in US (300 kHz) and EC (10V) system. The results of all systems revealed that the kinetic constant decreased with increasing pH. The results are also shown that ΔG# > 0 and ΔH# > 0 during PCP degradation in EC or US-EC systems are non-spontaneous and endothermic reactions. Meanwhile, in the US-EC system, TiO2, Ti4O7, PbO2, SnSb, RuIr, and BDD, except for TiO2, all the anode materials showed a synergistic index (SI) of 106–197%, and the activation energies were 19.32, 33.4, 33.74, 32.84, 10.41, 36.44 kJ mol−1, respectively. In EC and US-EC systems, PCP can be completely mineralized by BDD anode within 30 min. TBA scavenger experiments verified that hydroxyl radicals were the main oxidant in each system using BDD and PbO2 anode. As a result of estimating the cost according to the anode material when removing PCP using the EC or US-EC system, BDD was the smallest in the two systems, 1.58 and 1.12 $ m−3, respectively. Finally, this study may serve as a reference for implementation of US-EC system in wastewater treatment.
AB - Eco-friendly pollutant treatment technology has a developing tendency in future. The combination of ultrasound (US) and electrochemical (EC) is a promising technology, because they are efficient, clean and environmentally friendly. In this study, the impacts of anode material have been investigated in US (300 kHz) and EC (10V) system. The results of all systems revealed that the kinetic constant decreased with increasing pH. The results are also shown that ΔG# > 0 and ΔH# > 0 during PCP degradation in EC or US-EC systems are non-spontaneous and endothermic reactions. Meanwhile, in the US-EC system, TiO2, Ti4O7, PbO2, SnSb, RuIr, and BDD, except for TiO2, all the anode materials showed a synergistic index (SI) of 106–197%, and the activation energies were 19.32, 33.4, 33.74, 32.84, 10.41, 36.44 kJ mol−1, respectively. In EC and US-EC systems, PCP can be completely mineralized by BDD anode within 30 min. TBA scavenger experiments verified that hydroxyl radicals were the main oxidant in each system using BDD and PbO2 anode. As a result of estimating the cost according to the anode material when removing PCP using the EC or US-EC system, BDD was the smallest in the two systems, 1.58 and 1.12 $ m−3, respectively. Finally, this study may serve as a reference for implementation of US-EC system in wastewater treatment.
KW - Anode material
KW - Electrochemical
KW - Groundwater
KW - Pentachlorophenol
KW - Selection
KW - Ultrasound
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133302439&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135547
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135547
M3 - Article
C2 - 35787881
AN - SCOPUS:85133302439
SN - 0045-6535
VL - 306
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
M1 - 135547
ER -
