Evaluation of ethanol as draw solute for forward osmosis (FO) process of highly saline (waste)water

Jungwon Kim; Junghyun Kim; Jihun Lim; Seungkwan Hong

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2019.01.012

Evaluation of ethanol as draw solute for forward osmosis (FO) process of highly saline (waste)water

Jungwon Kim, Junghyun Kim, Jihun Lim, Seungkwan Hong

School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In the study, ethanol was evaluated for its potential as a draw solution in forward osmosis (FO) in terms of performance for treating highly saline (waste)waters and energy requirements for regeneration. When compared to NH₄HCO₃ (a thermolytic draw solution) ethanol exhibited significantly higher osmotic pressure and significantly easier regeneration. In FO experiments using commercial TFC FO membranes, the ethanol draw solution exhibited a water flux comparable to that of NH₄HCO₃ at equivalent osmotic pressure albeit a relatively high reverse solute flux (RSF) due to its volatility. The modeling prediction based on membrane transport properties obtained from the FO experiments revealed the critical role of the ethanol permeability of the membrane in the overall FO performance, thereby suggesting the necessity of a higher water-ethanol selective membranes for the extensive application of the ethanol draw solution for the treatment of highly saline wastewater. Easy-regeneration of the ethanol draw solution was also demonstrated based on experimental results obtained using laboratory scale vacuum distillation at room temperature and exergy analysis of the integrated system. The results indicated that the regeneration process required an estimated 8.8 kWh/m³, thereby supporting the feasibility of ethanol as a potent draw solution for FO application of highly saline waters.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	23-31
Number of pages	9
Journal	Desalination
Volume	456
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2019.01.012
Publication status	Published - 2019 Apr 15

Keywords

Draw solution
Energy consumption
Forward osmosis (FO)
Highly saline wastewater treatment
Vacuum distillation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Chemical Engineering(all)
Materials Science(all)
Water Science and Technology
Mechanical Engineering

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.desal.2019.01.012

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title = "Evaluation of ethanol as draw solute for forward osmosis (FO) process of highly saline (waste)water",

abstract = "In the study, ethanol was evaluated for its potential as a draw solution in forward osmosis (FO) in terms of performance for treating highly saline (waste)waters and energy requirements for regeneration. When compared to NH4HCO3 (a thermolytic draw solution) ethanol exhibited significantly higher osmotic pressure and significantly easier regeneration. In FO experiments using commercial TFC FO membranes, the ethanol draw solution exhibited a water flux comparable to that of NH4HCO3 at equivalent osmotic pressure albeit a relatively high reverse solute flux (RSF) due to its volatility. The modeling prediction based on membrane transport properties obtained from the FO experiments revealed the critical role of the ethanol permeability of the membrane in the overall FO performance, thereby suggesting the necessity of a higher water-ethanol selective membranes for the extensive application of the ethanol draw solution for the treatment of highly saline wastewater. Easy-regeneration of the ethanol draw solution was also demonstrated based on experimental results obtained using laboratory scale vacuum distillation at room temperature and exergy analysis of the integrated system. The results indicated that the regeneration process required an estimated 8.8 kWh/m3, thereby supporting the feasibility of ethanol as a potent draw solution for FO application of highly saline waters.",

keywords = "Draw solution, Energy consumption, Forward osmosis (FO), Highly saline wastewater treatment, Vacuum distillation",

author = "Jungwon Kim and Junghyun Kim and Jihun Lim and Seungkwan Hong",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institue ( KEITI ) through Plant Research Program, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment ( MOE ) ( 1615009988 ). Funding Information: This work was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institue (KEITI) through Plant Research Program, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) (1615009988). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier B.V.",

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AU - Kim, Jungwon

AU - Kim, Junghyun

AU - Lim, Jihun

AU - Hong, Seungkwan

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institue ( KEITI ) through Plant Research Program, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment ( MOE ) ( 1615009988 ). Funding Information: This work was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institue (KEITI) through Plant Research Program, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) (1615009988). Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2019/4/15

Y1 - 2019/4/15

N2 - In the study, ethanol was evaluated for its potential as a draw solution in forward osmosis (FO) in terms of performance for treating highly saline (waste)waters and energy requirements for regeneration. When compared to NH4HCO3 (a thermolytic draw solution) ethanol exhibited significantly higher osmotic pressure and significantly easier regeneration. In FO experiments using commercial TFC FO membranes, the ethanol draw solution exhibited a water flux comparable to that of NH4HCO3 at equivalent osmotic pressure albeit a relatively high reverse solute flux (RSF) due to its volatility. The modeling prediction based on membrane transport properties obtained from the FO experiments revealed the critical role of the ethanol permeability of the membrane in the overall FO performance, thereby suggesting the necessity of a higher water-ethanol selective membranes for the extensive application of the ethanol draw solution for the treatment of highly saline wastewater. Easy-regeneration of the ethanol draw solution was also demonstrated based on experimental results obtained using laboratory scale vacuum distillation at room temperature and exergy analysis of the integrated system. The results indicated that the regeneration process required an estimated 8.8 kWh/m3, thereby supporting the feasibility of ethanol as a potent draw solution for FO application of highly saline waters.

AB - In the study, ethanol was evaluated for its potential as a draw solution in forward osmosis (FO) in terms of performance for treating highly saline (waste)waters and energy requirements for regeneration. When compared to NH4HCO3 (a thermolytic draw solution) ethanol exhibited significantly higher osmotic pressure and significantly easier regeneration. In FO experiments using commercial TFC FO membranes, the ethanol draw solution exhibited a water flux comparable to that of NH4HCO3 at equivalent osmotic pressure albeit a relatively high reverse solute flux (RSF) due to its volatility. The modeling prediction based on membrane transport properties obtained from the FO experiments revealed the critical role of the ethanol permeability of the membrane in the overall FO performance, thereby suggesting the necessity of a higher water-ethanol selective membranes for the extensive application of the ethanol draw solution for the treatment of highly saline wastewater. Easy-regeneration of the ethanol draw solution was also demonstrated based on experimental results obtained using laboratory scale vacuum distillation at room temperature and exergy analysis of the integrated system. The results indicated that the regeneration process required an estimated 8.8 kWh/m3, thereby supporting the feasibility of ethanol as a potent draw solution for FO application of highly saline waters.

KW - Draw solution

KW - Energy consumption

KW - Forward osmosis (FO)

KW - Highly saline wastewater treatment

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Evaluation of ethanol as draw solute for forward osmosis (FO) process of highly saline (waste)water

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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