Evolution of CRISPR towards accurate and efficient mammal genome engineering

Seuk Min Ryu; Junseok W. Hur; Kyoungmi Kim

doi:10.5483/BMBRep.2019.52.8.149

Evolution of CRISPR towards accurate and efficient mammal genome engineering

Seuk Min Ryu, Junseok W. Hur, Kyoungmi Kim

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

20 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The evolution of genome editing technology based on CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) system has led to a paradigm shift in biological research. CRISPR/Cas9-guide RNA complexes enable rapid and efficient genome editing in mammalian cells. This system induces double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) at target sites and most DNA breakages induce mutations as small insertions or deletions (indels) by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway. However, for more precise correction as knock-in or replacement of DNA base pairs, using the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway is essential. Until now, many trials have greatly enhanced knock-in or substitution efficiency by increasing HDR efficiency, or newly developed methods such as Base Editors (BEs). However, accuracy remains unsatisfactory. In this review, we summarize studies to overcome the limitations of HDR using the CRISPR system and discuss future direction.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	475-481
Number of pages	7
Journal	BMB reports
Volume	52
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2019.52.8.149
Publication status	Published - 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Chung Yang, Cha Young Sun & Jang Hi Joo Memorial fund, Korea university grant (K1804351), and the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (NRF-2018M3A9H3021707, NRF-2018R1D1A1B07048434, and NRF-2014M3A9D5A01075128).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the The Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Keywords

CRISPR
DNA double-strand break
Genome editing
HDR
NHEJ

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

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10.5483/BMBRep.2019.52.8.149

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abstract = "The evolution of genome editing technology based on CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) system has led to a paradigm shift in biological research. CRISPR/Cas9-guide RNA complexes enable rapid and efficient genome editing in mammalian cells. This system induces double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) at target sites and most DNA breakages induce mutations as small insertions or deletions (indels) by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway. However, for more precise correction as knock-in or replacement of DNA base pairs, using the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway is essential. Until now, many trials have greatly enhanced knock-in or substitution efficiency by increasing HDR efficiency, or newly developed methods such as Base Editors (BEs). However, accuracy remains unsatisfactory. In this review, we summarize studies to overcome the limitations of HDR using the CRISPR system and discuss future direction.",

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author = "Ryu, {Seuk Min} and Hur, {Junseok W.} and Kyoungmi Kim",

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AB - The evolution of genome editing technology based on CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) system has led to a paradigm shift in biological research. CRISPR/Cas9-guide RNA complexes enable rapid and efficient genome editing in mammalian cells. This system induces double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) at target sites and most DNA breakages induce mutations as small insertions or deletions (indels) by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway. However, for more precise correction as knock-in or replacement of DNA base pairs, using the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway is essential. Until now, many trials have greatly enhanced knock-in or substitution efficiency by increasing HDR efficiency, or newly developed methods such as Base Editors (BEs). However, accuracy remains unsatisfactory. In this review, we summarize studies to overcome the limitations of HDR using the CRISPR system and discuss future direction.

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Evolution of CRISPR towards accurate and efficient mammal genome engineering

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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