Fabrication and characterization of large-scale multifunctional transparent ITO nanorod films

In this study, large-scale multifunctional transparent ITO nanorod films that exhibit extreme wetting states (superhydrophobicity or superhydrophilicity) , high transmittance, low resistivity to infer antistatic properties, antifogging, and self-cleaning were fabricated on 2-in. glass wafers and various substrates (glass, Si, Sus of 2.5 × 2.5 cm) via radio frequency (RF)-magnetron sputtering deposition. An ITO nanorod film prepared for 60 min at 500 °C exhibited excellent optical (∼85% transmittance at 500 nm) and electrical (sheet resistance of ∼90 Ω □^-1, antistatic property, with a figure of merit of 2.2 × 10^-3 Ω^-1) properties. It also showed superhydrophilic property (with a water contact angle as low as 1°) and antifogging. After coating with fluoroalkylsilane, the ITO nanorod film exhibited strong and stable superhydrophobic characteristics, having a high water contact angle (172.1°), a near-zero sliding angle, and self-cleaning capabilities. It is expected that large-scale multifunctional transparent ITO nanorods will lead to further technological advancements in the area of novel optoelectrical applications and in future industrial applications.