Gate-tunable giant nonreciprocal charge transport in noncentrosymmetric oxide interfaces

Daeseong Choe; Mi Jin Jin; Shin Ik Kim; Hyung Jin Choi; Junhyeon Jo; Inseon Oh; Jungmin Park; Hosub Jin; Hyun Cheol Koo; Byoung Chul Min; Seokmin Hong; Hyun Woo Lee; Seung Hyub Baek; Jung Woo Yoo

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12466-1

Gate-tunable giant nonreciprocal charge transport in noncentrosymmetric oxide interfaces

Daeseong Choe, Mi Jin Jin, Shin Ik Kim, Hyung Jin Choi, Junhyeon Jo, Inseon Oh, Jungmin Park, Hosub Jin, Hyun Cheol Koo, Byoung Chul Min, Seokmin Hong, Hyun Woo Lee, Seung Hyub Baek, Jung Woo Yoo

KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

35 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A polar conductor, where inversion symmetry is broken, may exhibit directional propagation of itinerant electrons, i.e., the rightward and leftward currents differ from each other, when time-reversal symmetry is also broken. This potential rectification effect was shown to be very weak due to the fact that the kinetic energy is much higher than the energies associated with symmetry breaking, producing weak perturbations. Here we demonstrate the appearance of giant nonreciprocal charge transport in the conductive oxide interface, LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃, where the electrons are confined to two-dimensions with low Fermi energy. In addition, the Rashba spin–orbit interaction correlated with the sub-band hierarchy of this system enables a strongly tunable nonreciprocal response by applying a gate voltage. The observed behavior of directional response in LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ is associated with comparable energy scales among kinetic energy, spin–orbit interaction, and magnetic field, which inspires a promising route to enhance nonreciprocal response and its functionalities in spin orbitronics.

Original language	English
Article number	4510
Journal	Nature communications
Volume	10
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12466-1
Publication status	Published - 2019 Dec 1

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemistry(all)
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Physics and Astronomy(all)

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10.1038/s41467-019-12466-1

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title = "Gate-tunable giant nonreciprocal charge transport in noncentrosymmetric oxide interfaces",

abstract = "A polar conductor, where inversion symmetry is broken, may exhibit directional propagation of itinerant electrons, i.e., the rightward and leftward currents differ from each other, when time-reversal symmetry is also broken. This potential rectification effect was shown to be very weak due to the fact that the kinetic energy is much higher than the energies associated with symmetry breaking, producing weak perturbations. Here we demonstrate the appearance of giant nonreciprocal charge transport in the conductive oxide interface, LaAlO3/SrTiO3, where the electrons are confined to two-dimensions with low Fermi energy. In addition, the Rashba spin–orbit interaction correlated with the sub-band hierarchy of this system enables a strongly tunable nonreciprocal response by applying a gate voltage. The observed behavior of directional response in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 is associated with comparable energy scales among kinetic energy, spin–orbit interaction, and magnetic field, which inspires a promising route to enhance nonreciprocal response and its functionalities in spin orbitronics.",

author = "Daeseong Choe and Jin, {Mi Jin} and Kim, {Shin Ik} and Choi, {Hyung Jin} and Junhyeon Jo and Inseon Oh and Jungmin Park and Hosub Jin and Koo, {Hyun Cheol} and Min, {Byoung Chul} and Seokmin Hong and Lee, {Hyun Woo} and Baek, {Seung Hyub} and Yoo, {Jung Woo}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (2017R1A2B4008286, 2017M3A7B4049172, 2017R1A6A3A01012106, 2016R1D1A1B03933255, and 2018R1A5A6075964). This research was also supported by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (2E28210 and 2E28190). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, The Author(s).",

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doi = "10.1038/s41467-019-12466-1",

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AU - Choe, Daeseong

AU - Jin, Mi Jin

AU - Kim, Shin Ik

AU - Choi, Hyung Jin

AU - Jo, Junhyeon

AU - Oh, Inseon

AU - Park, Jungmin

AU - Jin, Hosub

AU - Koo, Hyun Cheol

AU - Min, Byoung Chul

AU - Hong, Seokmin

AU - Lee, Hyun Woo

AU - Baek, Seung Hyub

AU - Yoo, Jung Woo

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (2017R1A2B4008286, 2017M3A7B4049172, 2017R1A6A3A01012106, 2016R1D1A1B03933255, and 2018R1A5A6075964). This research was also supported by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (2E28210 and 2E28190). Publisher Copyright: © 2019, The Author(s).

PY - 2019/12/1

Y1 - 2019/12/1

N2 - A polar conductor, where inversion symmetry is broken, may exhibit directional propagation of itinerant electrons, i.e., the rightward and leftward currents differ from each other, when time-reversal symmetry is also broken. This potential rectification effect was shown to be very weak due to the fact that the kinetic energy is much higher than the energies associated with symmetry breaking, producing weak perturbations. Here we demonstrate the appearance of giant nonreciprocal charge transport in the conductive oxide interface, LaAlO3/SrTiO3, where the electrons are confined to two-dimensions with low Fermi energy. In addition, the Rashba spin–orbit interaction correlated with the sub-band hierarchy of this system enables a strongly tunable nonreciprocal response by applying a gate voltage. The observed behavior of directional response in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 is associated with comparable energy scales among kinetic energy, spin–orbit interaction, and magnetic field, which inspires a promising route to enhance nonreciprocal response and its functionalities in spin orbitronics.

AB - A polar conductor, where inversion symmetry is broken, may exhibit directional propagation of itinerant electrons, i.e., the rightward and leftward currents differ from each other, when time-reversal symmetry is also broken. This potential rectification effect was shown to be very weak due to the fact that the kinetic energy is much higher than the energies associated with symmetry breaking, producing weak perturbations. Here we demonstrate the appearance of giant nonreciprocal charge transport in the conductive oxide interface, LaAlO3/SrTiO3, where the electrons are confined to two-dimensions with low Fermi energy. In addition, the Rashba spin–orbit interaction correlated with the sub-band hierarchy of this system enables a strongly tunable nonreciprocal response by applying a gate voltage. The observed behavior of directional response in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 is associated with comparable energy scales among kinetic energy, spin–orbit interaction, and magnetic field, which inspires a promising route to enhance nonreciprocal response and its functionalities in spin orbitronics.

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Gate-tunable giant nonreciprocal charge transport in noncentrosymmetric oxide interfaces

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