Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7- tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) biodegradation kinetics amongst several Fe(III)-reducing genera

Man Jae Kwon, Kevin T. Finneran

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

26 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cyclic nitramine explosives biodegradation was investigated among four Fe(III)- and quinone-reducing bacterial genera. This strategy is an attractive option for RDX and/or HMX contamination because of their ubiquity; however, the biotransformation kinetics among different microbial populations is not known. The organisms investigated included two species within the Geobacteraceae, and one species each within the genera Anaeromyxobacter, Desulfitobacterium, and Shewanella. All species directly reduced RDX; however, humic substances (HS) and the HS analog anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) significantly increased the rate and extent of RDX reduction. Degradation kinetics varied amongst the species tested, but extracellular electron shuttle mediated degradation rates were the fastest for each organism. RDX reduction rates ranged from 7.4 to 269.3 nmol RDX hr- 1 mg cell protein- 1 when AQDS was present. HMX was reduced more slowly by G. metallireducens than RDX; however, electron shuttles also stimulated HMX degradation. These data suggest that electron shuttle mediated cyclic nitramine transformation is ubiquitous among the keystone Fe(III)-reducing microbial genera, and that bioremediation strategies predicated on their physiology may be a reasonable approach in situ for both Fe(III)-rich and Fe(III)-poor environments.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)189-203
Number of pages15
JournalSoil and Sediment Contamination
Volume17
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2008 Mar
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Bioremediation
  • Electron shuttling
  • Fe(III)-reducing microorganism
  • HMX
  • RDX

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Soil Science
  • Pollution
  • Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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