TY - JOUR
T1 - High Axial Loads while Walking Increase Anterior Tibial Translation in Intact and Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knees
AU - Kim, Jae Gyoon
AU - Bae, Tae Soo
AU - Lee, Sang Hak
AU - Jang, Ki Mo
AU - Jeong, Ju Seon
AU - Kyung, Bong Soo
AU - Lim, Hong Chul
AU - Ahn, Jin Hwan
AU - Bae, Ji Hoon
AU - Wang, Joon Ho
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors report the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: Supported by the grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (A101029).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Arthroscopy Association of North America.
PY - 2015/7/1
Y1 - 2015/7/1
N2 - Purpose To evaluate the effect of high axial loading (AL) on anterior tibial translation (ATT) according to the increase in knee flexion and the effect of valgus stress (VS) and internal rotation (IR) combined with high AL in intact and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees according to the increase in knee flexion. Methods We used 10 fresh-frozen, human cadaveric knees. Different loading conditions (134-N anterior drawer, 1,000-N AL, 10-Nm VS, and 5-Nm IR) were sequentially combined, and ATT was measured at 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° of flexion in the intact and ACL-deficient knees. Results ATT increased significantly by adding high AL in intact knees (P =.001) and ACL-deficient knees (P <.0001) according to the change in flexion angle (P <.0001). Under high AL, ATT in the ACL-deficient knees was significantly larger than that in the intact knees for all loading conditions, and it also increased gradually according to the increase in knee flexion (P =.0001). ATT increased significantly after adding IR or VS with high AL in intact knees (VS, P =.002; VS/IR, P =.03) and ACL-deficient knees (VS, P =.0004) at some of the flexion angles. Conclusions The added high AL increased ATT in intact and ACL-deficient knees from 0° to 60° of flexion. The effect of high AL on ATT became greater in ACL-deficient knees than in intact knees, and ATT also gradually increased according to the increase in knee flexion from 0° to 60°. In both the intact and ACL-deficient knees, ATT increased significantly after valgus stress or IR from 0° to 60°. Clinical Relevance ATT during weight bearing increases stress to the ACL, which worsens with valgus stress and/or IR forces. This finding should be considered when one is studying ACL injury mechanisms, as well as prescribing rehabilitation after ACL surgery.
AB - Purpose To evaluate the effect of high axial loading (AL) on anterior tibial translation (ATT) according to the increase in knee flexion and the effect of valgus stress (VS) and internal rotation (IR) combined with high AL in intact and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees according to the increase in knee flexion. Methods We used 10 fresh-frozen, human cadaveric knees. Different loading conditions (134-N anterior drawer, 1,000-N AL, 10-Nm VS, and 5-Nm IR) were sequentially combined, and ATT was measured at 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° of flexion in the intact and ACL-deficient knees. Results ATT increased significantly by adding high AL in intact knees (P =.001) and ACL-deficient knees (P <.0001) according to the change in flexion angle (P <.0001). Under high AL, ATT in the ACL-deficient knees was significantly larger than that in the intact knees for all loading conditions, and it also increased gradually according to the increase in knee flexion (P =.0001). ATT increased significantly after adding IR or VS with high AL in intact knees (VS, P =.002; VS/IR, P =.03) and ACL-deficient knees (VS, P =.0004) at some of the flexion angles. Conclusions The added high AL increased ATT in intact and ACL-deficient knees from 0° to 60° of flexion. The effect of high AL on ATT became greater in ACL-deficient knees than in intact knees, and ATT also gradually increased according to the increase in knee flexion from 0° to 60°. In both the intact and ACL-deficient knees, ATT increased significantly after valgus stress or IR from 0° to 60°. Clinical Relevance ATT during weight bearing increases stress to the ACL, which worsens with valgus stress and/or IR forces. This finding should be considered when one is studying ACL injury mechanisms, as well as prescribing rehabilitation after ACL surgery.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84937439262&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.arthro.2015.01.030
DO - 10.1016/j.arthro.2015.01.030
M3 - Article
C2 - 25842990
AN - SCOPUS:84937439262
SN - 0749-8063
VL - 31
SP - 1289
EP - 1295
JO - Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
JF - Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
IS - 7
ER -