High detection performance of NDIR CO₂ sensor using stair-tapered reflector

In this paper, we propose tapered reflectors having stair-like structures that focus scattered infrared (IR) rays to enhance the detection perfoance of a non-dispersive IR (NDIR) CO₂ sensor. We demonstrate that the sensitivity of the output voltage is increased by 2 and 1.27 times in simulations and experiments, respectively, compared with the case when conventionally tapered reflectors are used. Through applying a stair-like structure inside the tapered optical cavity, scattered IR rays are condensed, and more accurate CO₂ concentration measurements are possible. In addition, we show that the output voltage changes only slightly with temperature and humidity variations compared with the conventionally tapered optical cavity. Because the proposed structure can be applied to any type of optical cavity without major modifications, we expect that it can resolve the perfoance limitations of low-end NDIR gas sensors.