High performance chemiresistive H₂S sensors using Ag-loaded SnO₂ yolk-shell nanostructures

SnO₂ yolk-shell spheres uniformly loaded with Ag nanoparticles were prepared by a facile one-pot ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of the source solution and the H₂S sensing characteristics were investigated. The Ag-loaded SnO₂ yolk-shell spheres showed ultrahigh and reversible response (R_a/R_g - 1 = 613.9, where R_a is the resistance in air and R_g is the resistance in gas) to 5 ppm H ₂S with negligible cross-responses (0.6-17.3) to eight other interference gases at 350 °C. In contrast, pure SnO₂ spheres with dense inner structures and yolk-shell morphologies did not exhibit a high response/selectivity to H₂S nor reversible H₂S sensing. The highly sensitive, selective, and reversible H₂S sensing characteristics were explained in terms of the gas-accessible yolk-shell morphology and uniform loading of catalytic Ag nanoparticles. Namely, the gas-accessible yolk-shell morphology facilitated the rapid and effective diffusion of the analyte/oxygen gases and the uniform loading of Ag nanoparticles promoted the H₂S sensing reaction. This journal is