How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation

D. W. Cunningham; M. Breidt; M. Kleiner; C. Wallraven; H. H. Bülthoff

doi:10.1109/CASA.2003.1199300

How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation

D. W. Cunningham
, M. Breidt
, M. Kleiner
, C. Wallraven
, H. H. Bülthoff

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Regardless of whether the humans involved are virtual or real, well-developed conversational skills are a necessity. The synthesis of interface agents that are not only understandable but also believable can be greatly aided by knowledge of which facial motions are perceptually necessary and sufficient for clear and believable conversational facial expressions. Here, we recorded several core conversational expressions (agreement, disagreement, happiness, sadness, thinking, and confusion) from several individuals, and then psychophysically determined the perceptual ambiguity and believability of the expressions. The results show that people can identify these expressions quite well, although there are some systematic patterns of confusion. People were also very confident of their identifications and found the expressions to be rather believable. The specific pattern of confusions and confidence ratings have strong implications for conversational animation. Finally, the present results provide the information necessary to begin a more fine-grained analysis of the core components of these expressions.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings - 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003
Publisher	IEEE Computer Society
Pages	23-29
Number of pages	7
ISBN (Electronic)	0769519342
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/CASA.2003.1199300
Publication status	Published - 2003
Event	16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003 - New Brunswick, United States Duration: 2003 May 8 → 2003 May 9

Publication series

Name	Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension
Volume	2003-January
ISSN (Print)	1092-8138

Other

Other	16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003
Country/Territory	United States
City	New Brunswick
Period	03/5/8 → 03/5/9

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2003 IEEE.

Keywords

Avatars
Cybernetics
Face detection
Facial animation
Humans
Information analysis
Motion control
Psychology
Speech
Stress

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Software
Hardware and Architecture

Access to Document

10.1109/CASA.2003.1199300

Cite this

Cunningham, D. W., Breidt, M., Kleiner, M., Wallraven, C., & Bülthoff, H. H. (2003). How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation. In Proceedings - 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003 (pp. 23-29). Article 1199300 (Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension; Vol. 2003-January). IEEE Computer Society. https://doi.org/10.1109/CASA.2003.1199300

How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation. / Cunningham, D. W.; Breidt, M.; Kleiner, M. et al.
Proceedings - 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003. IEEE Computer Society, 2003. p. 23-29 1199300 (Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension; Vol. 2003-January).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Cunningham, DW, Breidt, M, Kleiner, M, Wallraven, C & Bülthoff, HH 2003, How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation. in Proceedings - 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003., 1199300, Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension, vol. 2003-January, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 23-29, 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003, New Brunswick, United States, 03/5/8. https://doi.org/10.1109/CASA.2003.1199300

Cunningham DW, Breidt M, Kleiner M, Wallraven C, Bülthoff HH. How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation. In Proceedings - 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003. IEEE Computer Society. 2003. p. 23-29. 1199300. (Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension). doi: 10.1109/CASA.2003.1199300

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abstract = "Regardless of whether the humans involved are virtual or real, well-developed conversational skills are a necessity. The synthesis of interface agents that are not only understandable but also believable can be greatly aided by knowledge of which facial motions are perceptually necessary and sufficient for clear and believable conversational facial expressions. Here, we recorded several core conversational expressions (agreement, disagreement, happiness, sadness, thinking, and confusion) from several individuals, and then psychophysically determined the perceptual ambiguity and believability of the expressions. The results show that people can identify these expressions quite well, although there are some systematic patterns of confusion. People were also very confident of their identifications and found the expressions to be rather believable. The specific pattern of confusions and confidence ratings have strong implications for conversational animation. Finally, the present results provide the information necessary to begin a more fine-grained analysis of the core components of these expressions.",

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How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation

Abstract

Publication series

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Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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