How to improve obliteration rates during volume-staged stereotactic radiosurgery for large arteriovenous malformations

Hideyuki Kano, John C. Flickinger, Aya Nakamura, Rachel C. Jacobs, Daniel A. Tonetti, Craig Lehocky, Kyung Jae Park, Huai che Yang, Ajay Niranjan, L. Dade Lunsford

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    15 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    OBJECTIVE The management of large-volume arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) remains challenging. The authors retrospectively tested the hypothesis that AVM obliteration rates can be improved by increasing the percentage volume of an AVM that receives a minimal threshold dose of radiation. METHODS In 1992, the authors prospectively began to stage anatomical components in order to deliver higher single doses to AVMs > 15 cm3 in volume. Since that time 60 patients with large AVMs have undergone volume-staged SRS (VS-SRS). The median interval between the first stage and the second stage was 4.5 months (2.8–13.8 months). The median target volume was 11.6 cm3 (range 4.3–26 cm3) in the first-stage SRS and 10.6 cm3 (range 2.8–33.7 cm3) in the second-stage SRS. The median margin dose was 16 Gy (range 13–18 Gy) for both SRS stages. RESULTS AVM obliteration after the initial two staged volumetric SRS treatments was confirmed by MRI alone in 4 patients and by angiography in 11 patients at a median follow-up of 82 months (range 0.4–206 months) after VS-SRS. The post–VS-SRS obliteration rates on angiography were 4% at 3 years, 13% at 4 years, 23% at 5 years, and 27% at 10 years. In multivariate analysis, only ≥ 20-Gy volume coverage was significantly associated with higher total obliteration rates confirmed by angiography. When the margin dose is ≥ 17 Gy and the 20-Gy SRS volume included ≥ 63% of the total target volume, the angiographically confirmed obliteration rates increased to 61% at 5 years and 70% at 10 years. CONCLUSIONS The outcomes of prospective VS-SRS for large AVMs can be improved by prescribing an AVM margin dose of ≥ 17 Gy and adding additional isocenters so that ≥ 63% of the internal AVM dose receives more than 20 Gy.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1809-1816
    Number of pages8
    JournalJournal of Neurosurgery
    Volume1306
    Issue number6
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2019 Jun

    Bibliographical note

    Publisher Copyright:
    ©AANS 2019.

    Keywords

    • Arteriovenous malformation
    • Gamma Knife
    • Large
    • Stage
    • Stereotactic radiosurgery
    • Vascular disorders

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Surgery
    • Clinical Neurology

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