In vitro and in vivo evaluation of bone formation using solid freeform fabrication-based bone morphogenic protein-2 releasing PCL/PLGA scaffolds

Tae Hoon Kim, Young Pil Yun, Young Eun Park, Suk Ha Lee, Woonjae Yong, Joydip Kundu, Jin Woo Jung, Jin Hyung Shim, Dong Woo Cho, Sung Eun Kim, Hae Ryong Song

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    42 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    The aim of this study was to develop novel polycaprolactone/poly(lactic-co- glycolic acid) (PCL/PLGA) scaffolds with a heparin-dopamine (Hep-DOPA) conjugate for controlled release of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) to enhance osteoblast activity in vitro and also bone formation in vivo. PCL/PLGA scaffolds were prepared by a solid freeform fabrication method. The PCL/PLGA scaffolds were functionalized with Hep-DOPA and then BMP-2 was sequentially coated onto the Hep-DOPA/PCL/PLGA scaffolds. The characterization and surface elemental composition of all scaffolds were evaluated by scanning electron microscope and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The osteoblast activities on all scaffolds were assessed by cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition in vitro. To demonstrate bone formation in vivo, plain radiograph, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) evaluation and histological studies were performed after the implantation of all scaffolds on a rat femur defect. Hep-DOPA/PCL/PLGA had more controlled release of BMP-2, which was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, compared with Hep/PCL/PLGA. The in vitro results showed that osteoblast-like cells (MG-63 cells) grown on BMP-2/Hep-DOPA/PCL/PLGA had significantly enhanced ALP activity and calcium deposition compared with those on BMP-2/Hep/PCL/PLGA and PCL/PLGA. In addition, the plain radiograph, micro-CT evaluation and histological studies demonstrated that the implanted BMP-2/Hep-DOPA/PCL/PLGA on rat femur had more bone formation than BMP-2/Hep/PCL/PLGA and PCL/PLGA in vivo.

    Original languageEnglish
    Article number025008
    JournalBiomedical Materials (Bristol)
    Volume9
    Issue number2
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2014 Apr

    Keywords

    • bone formation
    • bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2)
    • freeform fabrication (SFF)
    • osteoblast activity
    • poly(lactic-co- glycolic acid) (PLGA)
    • polycaprolactone (PCL)
    • solid

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Bioengineering
    • Biomaterials
    • Biomedical Engineering

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