Incidence and risk factors for dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide population-based study in Korea

Ji Hee Yu, Kyungdo Han, Sanghyun Park, Hanna Cho, Da Young Lee, Jin Wook Kim, Ji A. Seo, Sin Gon Kim, Sei Hyun Baik, Yong Gyu Park, Kyung Mook Choi, Seon Mee Kim, Nan Hee Kim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

37 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of dementia. We aimed to comprehensively analyze the incidence and risk factors for dementia and young-onset dementia (YOD) in diabetic patients in Korea using the National Health Insurance Service data. Methods: Between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2012, a total of 1,917,702 participants with diabetes were included and followed until the date of dementia diagnosis or until December 31, 2015. We evaluated the incidence and risk factors for all dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) by Cox proportional hazards analyses. We also compared the impact of risk factors on the occurrence of YOD and late-onset dementia (LOD). Results: During an average of 5.1 years of follow-up, the incidence of all types of dementia, AD, or VaD was 9.5, 6.8, and 1.3/1,000 person-years, respectively, in participants with diabetes. YOD comprised 4.8% of all dementia occurrence, and the ratio of AD/ VaD was 2.1 for YOD compared with 5.5 for LOD. Current smokers and subjects with lower income, plasma glucose levels, body mass index (BMI), and subjects with hypertension, dyslipidemia, vascular complications, depression, and insulin treatment developed dementia more frequently. Vascular risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and previous cardiovascular diseases were more strongly associated with the development of VaD than AD. Low BMI and a history of stroke or depression had a stronger influence on the development of YOD than LOD. Conclusion: The optimal management of modifiable risk factors may be important for preventing dementia in subjects with diabetes mellitus.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)113-124
Number of pages12
JournalDiabetes and Metabolism Journal
Volume44
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2020 Feb 1

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 Korean Diabetes Association

Keywords

  • Alzheimer disease
  • Dementia
  • Dementia
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Risk factors
  • Type 2
  • Vascular

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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