Integrated cyber-physical attack detection and response system for resilient multi-UAV control

This paper discusses a novel integration design of cyber-physical attack detection and response system for multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) management system. Although the UAV technology matures and the demand market grows, the instability and the unreliability of UAVs have remained as unresolved issues. Moreover, there have been multifaceted researches breaking the reliability of UAVs by means of the cyber-physical attack such as hacking and the sensor malfunction. In this paper, we address several types of the cyber-physical attack models and their detailed mechanisms. From the observations, we propose a system design that detects these cyber-physical attacks and handle the malfunction of single or multi-UAV management system. Our design is composed of the general multi-UAV control framework as a backend, and the individually modularized defense methods against a variety of cyber-physical attacks, such as cryptosystem, sensor monitoring, and fault-tolerance communication. For the cryptosystem, existing encryption methods defending the cyber-attacks can significantly impair the throughput and mission success ratio of the UAVs due to the resource limitation of the UAV. We designed a low-cost real-time authentication method and a variable key length cryptography for the secure UAV network. Some physical attacks falsifying sensor data (i.e., GPS spoofing) are difficult for an UAV alone to detect. To resolve the problem, we address the data consistency monitoring system based on sharing the flight status of UAVs. Finally, we integrate our novel methods into a complete cyber-security detection and response system, which can improve the robustness and reliability of a single or multi-UAV control system.