TY - JOUR
T1 - Listening to music during cystoscopy decreases anxiety, pain, and dissatisfaction in patients
T2 - A pilot randomized controlled trial
AU - Yeo, Jeong Kyun
AU - Cho, Dae Yeon
AU - Oh, Mi Mi
AU - Park, Seok San
AU - Park, Min Gu
PY - 2013/4/1
Y1 - 2013/4/1
N2 - Purpose: To determine whether listening to music during cystoscopy decreases anxiety, pain, and dissatisfaction among patients and results in a more comfortable and better-tolerated procedure. Materials and Methods: Seventy male patients who underwent rigid cystoscopy between May 2011 and December 2011 were randomized into the following: no music (Group I, n=35) or classical music during procedure (Group II, n=35). Before cystoscopy, lidocaine gel was instilled in the urethra, and both groups viewed their procedures on a video monitor. Anxiety levels were quantified according to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A visual analog scale (0-10) was used for a self-assessment of satisfaction, discomfort, and willingness among patients to repeat the cystoscopy. Results: Demographic characteristics, mean age, procedure duration, and procedure indications were statistically similar between the two groups. The mean anxiety level and mean pain score of Group II were significantly lower than those of Group I (p<0.001 for both). Group II also carried a significant greater mean satisfaction score compared with Group I (p<0.001). Statistically significant differences were detected between groups in the postprocedural pulse rate and the systolic blood pressure (p=0.012 and p=0.008, respectively), whereas preprocedure pulse rate and systolic blood pressure were similar. Conclusions: Listening to music during rigid cystoscopy significantly reduces feelings of pain, discomfort, and dissatisfaction. Music can serve as a simple, inexpensive, and effective adjunct to sedation during cystoscopy. We recommend the application of music during rigid cystoscopy for clinical use.
AB - Purpose: To determine whether listening to music during cystoscopy decreases anxiety, pain, and dissatisfaction among patients and results in a more comfortable and better-tolerated procedure. Materials and Methods: Seventy male patients who underwent rigid cystoscopy between May 2011 and December 2011 were randomized into the following: no music (Group I, n=35) or classical music during procedure (Group II, n=35). Before cystoscopy, lidocaine gel was instilled in the urethra, and both groups viewed their procedures on a video monitor. Anxiety levels were quantified according to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A visual analog scale (0-10) was used for a self-assessment of satisfaction, discomfort, and willingness among patients to repeat the cystoscopy. Results: Demographic characteristics, mean age, procedure duration, and procedure indications were statistically similar between the two groups. The mean anxiety level and mean pain score of Group II were significantly lower than those of Group I (p<0.001 for both). Group II also carried a significant greater mean satisfaction score compared with Group I (p<0.001). Statistically significant differences were detected between groups in the postprocedural pulse rate and the systolic blood pressure (p=0.012 and p=0.008, respectively), whereas preprocedure pulse rate and systolic blood pressure were similar. Conclusions: Listening to music during rigid cystoscopy significantly reduces feelings of pain, discomfort, and dissatisfaction. Music can serve as a simple, inexpensive, and effective adjunct to sedation during cystoscopy. We recommend the application of music during rigid cystoscopy for clinical use.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84876137663&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1089/end.2012.0222
DO - 10.1089/end.2012.0222
M3 - Article
C2 - 23009573
AN - SCOPUS:84876137663
SN - 0892-7790
VL - 27
SP - 459
EP - 462
JO - Journal of Endourology
JF - Journal of Endourology
IS - 4
ER -