Measuring air core characteristics of a pressure-swirl atomizer via a transparent acrylic nozzle at various Reynolds numbers

Eun J. Lee; Sang Youp Oh; Ho Y. Kim; Scott C. James; Sam S. Yoon

doi:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.07.010

Measuring air core characteristics of a pressure-swirl atomizer via a transparent acrylic nozzle at various Reynolds numbers

Eun J. Lee
, Sang Youp Oh
, Ho Y. Kim^*
, Scott C. James
, Sam S. Yoon

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Mechanical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

92 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Because of thermal fluid-property dependence, atomization stability (or flow regime) can change even at fixed operating conditions when subject to temperature change. Particularly at low temperatures, fuel's high viscosity can prevent a pressure-swirl (or simplex) atomizer from sustaining a centrifugal-driven air core within the fuel injector. During disruption of the air core inside an injector, spray characteristics outside the nozzle reflect a highly unstable, nonlinear mode where air core length, Sauter mean diameter (SMD), cone angle, and discharge coefficient variability. To better understand injector performance, these characteristics of the pressure-swirl atomizer were experimentally investigated and data were correlated to Reynolds numbers (Re). Using a transparent acrylic nozzle, the air core length, SMD, cone angle, and discharge coefficient are observed as a function of Re. The critical Reynolds numbers that distinguish the transition from unstable mode to transitional mode and eventually to a stable mode are reported. The working fluids are diesel and a kerosene-based fuel, referred to as bunker-A.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1475-1483
Number of pages	9
Journal	Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science
Volume	34
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.07.010
Publication status	Published - 2010 Nov

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by a grant from Development of Engine System for HEV Project, funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy. The last author acknowledges that this study was partially supported by a grant from the cooperative R&D Program (B551179-08-03-00) funded by the Korea Research Council Industrial Science and Technology and also by KETEP (2009-3021010030-11-1).

Keywords

Air core
Fuel injector performance
Swirl spray
Temperature effect

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemical Engineering
Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

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10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.07.010

Cite this

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title = "Measuring air core characteristics of a pressure-swirl atomizer via a transparent acrylic nozzle at various Reynolds numbers",

abstract = "Because of thermal fluid-property dependence, atomization stability (or flow regime) can change even at fixed operating conditions when subject to temperature change. Particularly at low temperatures, fuel's high viscosity can prevent a pressure-swirl (or simplex) atomizer from sustaining a centrifugal-driven air core within the fuel injector. During disruption of the air core inside an injector, spray characteristics outside the nozzle reflect a highly unstable, nonlinear mode where air core length, Sauter mean diameter (SMD), cone angle, and discharge coefficient variability. To better understand injector performance, these characteristics of the pressure-swirl atomizer were experimentally investigated and data were correlated to Reynolds numbers (Re). Using a transparent acrylic nozzle, the air core length, SMD, cone angle, and discharge coefficient are observed as a function of Re. The critical Reynolds numbers that distinguish the transition from unstable mode to transitional mode and eventually to a stable mode are reported. The working fluids are diesel and a kerosene-based fuel, referred to as bunker-A.",

keywords = "Air core, Fuel injector performance, Swirl spray, Temperature effect",

author = "Lee, \{Eun J.\} and Oh, \{Sang Youp\} and Kim, \{Ho Y.\} and James, \{Scott C.\} and Yoon, \{Sam S.\}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by a grant from Development of Engine System for HEV Project, funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy. The last author acknowledges that this study was partially supported by a grant from the cooperative R\&D Program (B551179-08-03-00) funded by the Korea Research Council Industrial Science and Technology and also by KETEP (2009-3021010030-11-1). ",

year = "2010",

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doi = "10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.07.010",

language = "English",

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journal = "Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science",

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AU - Kim, Ho Y.

AU - James, Scott C.

AU - Yoon, Sam S.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by a grant from Development of Engine System for HEV Project, funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy. The last author acknowledges that this study was partially supported by a grant from the cooperative R&D Program (B551179-08-03-00) funded by the Korea Research Council Industrial Science and Technology and also by KETEP (2009-3021010030-11-1).

PY - 2010/11

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N2 - Because of thermal fluid-property dependence, atomization stability (or flow regime) can change even at fixed operating conditions when subject to temperature change. Particularly at low temperatures, fuel's high viscosity can prevent a pressure-swirl (or simplex) atomizer from sustaining a centrifugal-driven air core within the fuel injector. During disruption of the air core inside an injector, spray characteristics outside the nozzle reflect a highly unstable, nonlinear mode where air core length, Sauter mean diameter (SMD), cone angle, and discharge coefficient variability. To better understand injector performance, these characteristics of the pressure-swirl atomizer were experimentally investigated and data were correlated to Reynolds numbers (Re). Using a transparent acrylic nozzle, the air core length, SMD, cone angle, and discharge coefficient are observed as a function of Re. The critical Reynolds numbers that distinguish the transition from unstable mode to transitional mode and eventually to a stable mode are reported. The working fluids are diesel and a kerosene-based fuel, referred to as bunker-A.

AB - Because of thermal fluid-property dependence, atomization stability (or flow regime) can change even at fixed operating conditions when subject to temperature change. Particularly at low temperatures, fuel's high viscosity can prevent a pressure-swirl (or simplex) atomizer from sustaining a centrifugal-driven air core within the fuel injector. During disruption of the air core inside an injector, spray characteristics outside the nozzle reflect a highly unstable, nonlinear mode where air core length, Sauter mean diameter (SMD), cone angle, and discharge coefficient variability. To better understand injector performance, these characteristics of the pressure-swirl atomizer were experimentally investigated and data were correlated to Reynolds numbers (Re). Using a transparent acrylic nozzle, the air core length, SMD, cone angle, and discharge coefficient are observed as a function of Re. The critical Reynolds numbers that distinguish the transition from unstable mode to transitional mode and eventually to a stable mode are reported. The working fluids are diesel and a kerosene-based fuel, referred to as bunker-A.

KW - Air core

KW - Fuel injector performance

KW - Swirl spray

KW - Temperature effect

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DO - 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.07.010

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:77956175378

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VL - 34

SP - 1475

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JO - Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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IS - 8

ER -

Measuring air core characteristics of a pressure-swirl atomizer via a transparent acrylic nozzle at various Reynolds numbers

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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