TY - JOUR
T1 - Mitochondrial phylogeny reveals intraspecific variation in Peronospora effusa, the spinach downy mildew pathogen
AU - Choi, Young Joon
AU - Thines, Marco
AU - Han, Jae Gu
AU - Shin, Hyeon Dong
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to curators of BPI, DM, HMAS, LE, BRNM, PDD, SOMF, UPS, and VPRI for providing the Peronospora specimens. Financial support to HDS by the Research Grant from the Korea University in 2007 is gratefully acknowledged. MT has been financially supported by the research funding programme “LOEWE ‒ Landes-Offensive zur Entwicklung Wissenschaftlich-ökonomischer Exzellenz” of Hesse's Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and the Arts and by a grant from the German Science Foundation (DFG).
PY - 2011/12
Y1 - 2011/12
N2 - Since about two hundred years, downy mildew caused by Peronospora effusa is probably the most economically important disease of spinach (Spinacia oleracea). However, there is no information on the global phylogeographic structure of the pathogen and thus it is unclear whether a single genotype occurs worldwide or whether some local genetic variation exists. To investigate the genetic variability of this pathogen, a sequence analysis of two partial mitochondrial DNA genes, cox2 and nad1, was carried out. Thirty-three specimens of Peronospora effusa from four continents were analyzed, including samples from Australia, China, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Russia, Sweden, and the USA. Despite the potential anthropogenic admixture of genotypes, a phylogeographic pattern was observed, which corresponds to two major groups, an Asian/Oceanian clade and another group, which includes American/European specimens. Notably, two of six Japanese specimens investigated did not belong to the Asian/Oceanian clade, but were identical to three of the specimens from the USA, suggestive of a recent introduction from the USA to Japan. As similar introduction events may be occurring as a result of the globalised trade with plant and seed material, a better knowledge of the phylogeographic distribution of pathogens is highly warranted for food security purposes.
AB - Since about two hundred years, downy mildew caused by Peronospora effusa is probably the most economically important disease of spinach (Spinacia oleracea). However, there is no information on the global phylogeographic structure of the pathogen and thus it is unclear whether a single genotype occurs worldwide or whether some local genetic variation exists. To investigate the genetic variability of this pathogen, a sequence analysis of two partial mitochondrial DNA genes, cox2 and nad1, was carried out. Thirty-three specimens of Peronospora effusa from four continents were analyzed, including samples from Australia, China, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Russia, Sweden, and the USA. Despite the potential anthropogenic admixture of genotypes, a phylogeographic pattern was observed, which corresponds to two major groups, an Asian/Oceanian clade and another group, which includes American/European specimens. Notably, two of six Japanese specimens investigated did not belong to the Asian/Oceanian clade, but were identical to three of the specimens from the USA, suggestive of a recent introduction from the USA to Japan. As similar introduction events may be occurring as a result of the globalised trade with plant and seed material, a better knowledge of the phylogeographic distribution of pathogens is highly warranted for food security purposes.
KW - Oomycetes
KW - obligate parasites
KW - phylogeographic distribution
KW - plant pathogen
KW - quarantine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84555209333&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12275-011-1069-2
DO - 10.1007/s12275-011-1069-2
M3 - Comment/debate
C2 - 22203571
AN - SCOPUS:84555209333
SN - 1225-8873
VL - 49
SP - 1039
EP - 1043
JO - Journal of Microbiology
JF - Journal of Microbiology
IS - 6
ER -