Abstract
As distributed energy resources (DERs) proliferate power systems, power grids face new challenges stemming from the variability and uncertainty of DERs. To address these problems, virtual power plants (VPPs) are established to aggregate DERs and manage them as single dispatchable and reliable resources. VPPs can participate in the day-ahead (DA) market and therefore require a bidding method that maximizes profits. It is also important to minimize the variability of VPP output during intra-day (ID) operations. This paper presents mixed integer quadratic programming-based scheduling methods for both DA market bidding and ID operation of VPPs, thus serving as a complete scheme for bidding-operation scheduling. Hourly bids are determined based on VPP revenue in the DA market bidding step, and the schedule of DERs is revised in the ID operation to minimize the impact of forecasting errors and maximize the incentives, thus reducing the variability and uncertainty of VPP output. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods through a comparison of daily revenue.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Article number | 1410 |
Journal | Energies |
Volume | 12 |
Issue number | 8 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2019 Apr 12 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Acknowledgments: This research was supported by a research grant from KEPCO (No. CX72166553). This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. NRF-2017R1A2B2004259).
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: This research was supported by a research grant from KEPCO (NO. CX72166553). This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. NRF-2017R1A2B2004259)
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors.
Keywords
- Energy storage system (ESS)
- Mixed integer programming
- Schedule revising
- VPP schedule
- Virtual power plant (VPP)
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Energy (miscellaneous)
- Control and Optimization
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering