TY - JOUR
T1 - Mixup-based classification of mixed-type defect patterns in wafer bin maps
AU - Shin, Wooksoo
AU - Kahng, Hyungu
AU - Kim, Seoung Bum
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the editor and reviewers for their useful comments and suggestions, which were greatly help in improving the quality of the paper. This research was supported by the Brain Korea 21 FOUR, Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) in Korea under the ITRC support program supervised by the IITP (IITP-2020-0-01749), the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the MSIT (NRF-2019R1A4A1024732), and the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and Korea Creative Content Agency (R2019020067).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Wafer bin maps (WBMs) that exhibit systematic defect patterns provide clues for identification of critical failures that occur during the wafer fabrication process. Proper identification of WBMs with specific defect patterns is tied closely to yield improvement in semiconductor manufacturing. Although the latest trend in training neural networks for single defect patterns has made significant progress, identification of WBMs with mixed-type defect patterns has received little attention possibly because of insufficient labeled data with multiple defects which are necessary for model training. To this end, we propose a method to use WBM data with only a single defect for training convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to classify mixed-type defects. Unlike previous methods that focus on synthesizing mixed-type defects prior to model training, our proposed method generates mixed-type defect patterns on the fly for model training by adopting Mixup, a popular neural network regularization strategy. Our method improves performance on WBM classification tasks with two defect types by 19.4 %p and three defect types by 22.1 %p, compared to previous baselines. Experiments were conducted on a real-world WBM benchmark, WM-811 k, to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.
AB - Wafer bin maps (WBMs) that exhibit systematic defect patterns provide clues for identification of critical failures that occur during the wafer fabrication process. Proper identification of WBMs with specific defect patterns is tied closely to yield improvement in semiconductor manufacturing. Although the latest trend in training neural networks for single defect patterns has made significant progress, identification of WBMs with mixed-type defect patterns has received little attention possibly because of insufficient labeled data with multiple defects which are necessary for model training. To this end, we propose a method to use WBM data with only a single defect for training convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to classify mixed-type defects. Unlike previous methods that focus on synthesizing mixed-type defects prior to model training, our proposed method generates mixed-type defect patterns on the fly for model training by adopting Mixup, a popular neural network regularization strategy. Our method improves performance on WBM classification tasks with two defect types by 19.4 %p and three defect types by 22.1 %p, compared to previous baselines. Experiments were conducted on a real-world WBM benchmark, WM-811 k, to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.
KW - Convolutional neural networks
KW - Mixed-type defect patterns
KW - Mixup
KW - Wafer bin maps
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124221841&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cie.2022.107996
DO - 10.1016/j.cie.2022.107996
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85124221841
SN - 0360-8352
VL - 167
JO - Computers and Industrial Engineering
JF - Computers and Industrial Engineering
M1 - 107996
ER -